1. THE MUSIC OF INDONESIA

2. The predominant musical ensemble in Indonesia is gamelan

3. Javanese gamelan is more sedate and majestic sounding

4. Balinese gamelan is more virtuosic, mercurial, flashy, and unpredictable

5. Gamelan literally means, “musical ensemble”

6. Gending is a piece of Javanese music for gamelan

7. Gender is a metallophone with thin bronze slab keys

8. A Saron is a metallophone with thick bronze slab keys lying over a trough resonator

9. A Gong is suspended and struck with a mallet.

10. Laras are Javanese tuning systems

11. A complete Javanese gamelan is two orchestras in one

12. The cultural and historical significance of Javanese gamelan music goes back more than 250 years

13. The Mataram is the last great native power in Java

14. There are spiritual aspects to Javanese Gamelan music

15. Wayang Kulit (shadow-plays) use stories derived from India

16. The Dhalang is the puppeteer

17. The Music of Bali

18. In the fifteenth century, Mataram displaced the Hindu kingdom of Majapahit

19. Balinese gamelan music can accompany opera, support the royal court, enhance shadow plays, or represent village pride

20. The Kecak is a type of dance drama accompanied by a large male chorus that chants rhythmically, usually performed for tourists

21. Barong is a dance ritual adopted for tourists

22. New genres are being accepted as “traditional” culture

23. Popular Music in Java includes Gambus, Dangdut, Kroncong and Jaipongan

24. The three levels of musical activity in gamelan music are coordinated by the drummer

25. The are melody, elaboration and rhythmic punctuation

26. Buburan “Udan Mas,” (Golden Rain) Laras Pelog, Patet Barang
Buburan “Udan Mas,” (Golden Rain) Laras Pelog, Patet Barang. Textbook CD 2, track 3

27. Ketawang “Puspawarna,” Laras Slendro, Patet Manyura
Ketawang “Puspawarna,” Laras Slendro, Patet Manyura. Textbook CD 2, track 4

28. Kebyar “Teruna.” Textbook CD 2, track 5

29. Tabuh Empat Pagawak.Performed by Gamelan Gong Gede “Sekar Sandat” of Bangli. Textbook CD 2, track 6

30. Dangdut Quran Dan Koran Textbook CD 2, track 8

31. Kroncong “Morisko” Textbook CD 2, track 9

32. "Daun Pulus Keser Bojong," Textbook CD 2, track 10

33. Gamelan is an Indonesian term for musical ensemble

34. Indonesian music is generally based on repeated musical phrases of varying length

35. Javanese music uses two scales

36. Gamelan music serves ritual, spiritual, government, dramatic, and social functions

37. The shadow puppet play—Wayang Kulit—is one of the major theatrical forms that uses gamelan

38. Balinese gamelan instruments are tuned slightly differently, creating a shimmering or pulsating effect

39. Many newer popular styles combine outside influences

40. What caused the divergences of Javanese and Balinese music in the fifteenth-century, and then in the twentieth-century?

41. Why can Indonesia be labeled a “bronze culture”?

42. What other cultures can we list that are influenced by a material like bronze is to Indonesia?

43. In what other world music cultures might we find interlocking?

44. Where might we find equivalents to Balinese musical instruments that contain spirits?

45. How may shadow play be compared to opera or ballet? Hollywood movies?

46. What acculturations has Balinese music made in the twentieth-century?
Has it been beneficial?

47. What were the forces that created Arabic and then Portuguese influences on Indonesian popular music?