1. THE MUSIC OF INDONESIA

2. The predominant musical ensemble in Indonesia is gamelan

3. Javanese gamelan is more sedate and majestic sounding

4. Balinese gamelan is more virtuosic, mercurial, flashy, and unpredictable

5. Gamelan literally means, “musical ensemble”

6. Gending is a piece of Javanese music for gamelan

8. Gender is a metallophone with thin bronze slab keys

10. A Saron is a metallophone with thick bronze slab keys lying over a trough resonator

12. A Gong is suspended and struck with a mallet.

13. Laras are Javanese tuning systems

14. A complete Javanese gamelan is two orchestras in one

15. The cultural and historical significance of Javanese gamelan music goes back more than 250 years

16. The Mataram is the last great native power in Java

17. There are spiritual aspects to Javanese Gamelan music

18. Wayang Kulit (shadow-plays) use stories derived from India

20. The Dhalang is the puppeteer

21. The Music of Bali

22. In the fifteenth century, Mataram displaced the Hindu kingdom of Majapahit

23. Balinese gamelan music can accompany opera, support the royal court, enhance shadow plays, or represent village pride

24. The Kecak is a type of dance drama accompanied by a large male chorus that chants rhythmically, usually performed for tourists

25. Barong is a dance ritual adopted for tourists

26. New genres are being accepted as “traditional” culture

27. Popular Music in Java includes Gambus, Dangdut, Kroncong and Jaipongan

28. The three levels of musical activity in gamelan music are coordinated by the drummer

29. They are melody, elaboration and rhythmic punctuation

30. Buburan “Udan Mas,” (Golden Rain) Laras Pelog, Patet Barang. Textbook CD 2, track 3

31. Ketawang “Puspawarna,” Laras Slendro, Patet Manyura. Textbook CD 2, track 4

32. Kebyar “Teruna.” Textbook CD 2, track 5

33. Tabuh Empat Pagawak.Performed by Gamelan Gong Gede “Sekar Sandat” of Bangli. Textbook CD 2, track 6

34. Dangdut Quran Dan Koran Textbook CD 2, track 8

35. Kroncong “Morisko” Textbook CD 2, track 9

36. "Daun Pulus Keser Bojong," Textbook CD 2, track 10

37. Gamelan is an Indonesian term for musical ensemble

38. Indonesian music is generally based on repeated musical phrases of varying length

39. Javanese music uses two scales

40. Gamelan music serves ritual, spiritual, government, dramatic, and social functions

41. The shadow puppet play— Wayang Kulit— is one of the major theatrical forms that uses gamelan

42. Balinese gamelan instruments are tuned slightly differently, creating a shimmering or pulsating effect

43. Many newer popular styles combine outside influences

44. What caused the divergences of Javanese and Balinese music in the fifteenth- century, and then in the twentieth- century?

45. Why can Indonesia be labeled a “bronze culture”?

46. What other cultures can we list that are influenced by a material like bronze is to Indonesia?

47. In what other world music cultures might we find interlocking?

48. Where might we find equivalents to Balinese musical instruments that contain spirits?

49. How may shadow play be compared to opera or ballet? Hollywood movies?

50. What acculturations has Balinese music made in the twentieth-century? Has it been beneficial?

51. What were the forces that created Arabic and then Portuguese influences on Indonesian popular music?