1. Development of a Linux- based small-size controller using PoE technology T. Masuda, T. Fukui, R. Tanaka SPring-8 ICALEPCS2005, Oct. 10-14, Geneva, Switzerland

2. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Contents Motivation Motivation PoE technology PoE technology Development of new controller Development of new controller  CPU card  I/O cards  Software Temperature measurement using new controller Temperature measurement using new controller Installation plans Installation plans Summary Summary

3. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Motivation We need temperature measurements in the accelerator buildings at many points in SPring-8. We need temperature measurements in the accelerator buildings at many points in SPring-8. Investigate correlation between  temperature and orbit distortion of electron beams.  …

4. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Motivation (cont’d) Generally, we have to handle signals scattered around a large facility site. Generally, we have to handle signals scattered around a large facility site. Temperature, Temperature, Humidity, Humidity, …  Total number becomes large.  But a few signals at each place. How should we handle these signals?

5. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Motivation (cont’d) How about VME or PC? How about VME or PC?=> It is not cost-effective to install VME or PC for each place. It is not cost-effective to install VME or PC for each place. VME or PC are too much.

6. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Motivation (cont’d) How about off-the-shelf, network-based dedicated devices? How about off-the-shelf, network-based dedicated devices? Ether-to-GPIB controller Temperature and humidity measurement instrument These devices provide easy start-up, but…

7. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Motivation (cont’d)  Unstable We needed 1 year to fix the firmware bug by a company. We needed 1 year to fix the firmware bug by a company. We had to go over there to reset when it hung up. We had to go over there to reset when it hung up.  We needed protocol conversions to fit the framework. => We need more flexible and stable controllers.

8. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland New controller Small size Linux support Various I/O cards available  Temperature measurement card  GP-IB controller card Power over Ethernet Power over Ethernet support No AC power lines No AC adaptors 100mm 130mm 30mm Electric power comes from a network cable. No AC adaptors

9. PoE technology

10. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland What is “Power over Ethernet”? AC adapter AC power line Ethernet cable power data AC power line Legacy HUB Before PoE Network device Network devices demand AC power lines in addition to Ethernet cables.

11. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland What is “Power over Ethernet”? Ethernet cable data AC power line After PoE AC adapter AC power line power PoE Network device PoE HUB PoE network devices can receive power from Ethernet cables as well as data. power

12. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland What is “PoE”? (cont’d) IEEE standard : 802.3af (June 2003) IEEE standard : 802.3af (June 2003)  Extension to the existing Ethernet standards. => We can mix PoE devices and non-PoE devices together. PoE HUB PoE device Non-PoE device power AC power line

13. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland The PoE standard PD PD PSE Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) : Output voltage : 48V DC (typ.) Max. output power : 15.4W / 1port Powered Device (PD) : Max. input power : 12.95W Max. cable length : 100m Standard cable available power

14. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland The PoE standard (cont’d) PD PD PSE While a PD is not connected, PSE does not apply voltage to the cables. x x

15. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland The PoE standard (cont’d) PD PD PSE power PSE detects a signature resistance in the PD. Then PSE starts power supplying. 25k  signature resistance

16. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland The PoE standard (cont’d) PD PD PSE power PSE detects absence of the PD, then PSE stops power. x x The PoE provides safer operation of the power.

17. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Management tools for PSE By using this tool, We can control power supplying. We can monitor power sourcing status. By using this tool, We can control power supplying. We can monitor power sourcing status. If you want to turn off the power to port 1,

18. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Management tools for PSE Select port number Select power supplying status push set button We can monitor the status changes of the port 1.

19. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Management tools for PSE We don’t need to rush there to reset the device when the device hangs up. We can monitor the status change of the port 1. We can reset the connected device remotely.

20. Development of new controller

21. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland CPU card CPU: 240MHz SH-4 CPU: 240MHz SH-4  Original architecture by Hitachi  32bit RISC CPU with MMU  Low power consumption PCI I/F for an I/O card PCI I/F for an I/O card  Extendable for new I/O card 64MB SDRAM 64MB SDRAM 32MB Flash Memory 32MB Flash Memory 10/100baseT/Tx Ethernet I/F with PoE 10/100baseT/Tx Ethernet I/F with PoE USB 2.0 USB 2.0 120mm 92mm

22. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Temperature measurement card 4-channel inputs of 3-wire Pt100 RTD* sensors 4-channel inputs of 3-wire Pt100 RTD* sensors Measurement range : -20~80˚C Measurement range : -20~80˚C Accuracy : 0.1˚C Accuracy : 0.1˚C Resolution : 0.001˚C Resolution : 0.001˚C 92mm 120mm 4-channel 20-bit  A/D converter 4-channel 20-bit  A/D converter  Full scale error : 4ppm of Vref =2.5V (typ.)  50Hz/60Hz notch filter *RTD : Resistance Temperature Detector

23. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Temperature measurement instrument Assembled from the CPU card and the temperature measurement card. Assembled from the CPU card and the temperature measurement card. Combined with a dedicated PCI connector. Combined with a dedicated PCI connector. Power consumption : 3.7W (typ.) Power consumption : 3.7W (typ.) Temperature measurement card CPU card Dedicated PCI connector Typical assembly of the temperature measurement instrument

24. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland GP-IB controller Assembled from the CPU card and the GP-IB controller card. Assembled from the CPU card and the GP-IB controller card. Power consumption : 4.1W (typ.) Power consumption : 4.1W (typ.)

25. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Software We ported SH-Linux 2.4.14 to the CPU card. We ported SH-Linux 2.4.14 to the CPU card.  We developed device drivers for the I/O cards. We introduced disk-less Linux system. We introduced disk-less Linux system.  The system has root file system on an NFS server. Any of control software (TANGO, EPICS, …) will work. Any of control software (TANGO, EPICS, …) will work.  We ported RPC server software of the MADOCA framework.

26. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Temperature measurement using new controller Can we use the PoE technology for precise measurement system? Can we use the PoE technology for precise measurement system?  Can it work with a shielded twisted pair (STP) cable?  Is voltage drop by a long Ethernet cable a problem? => We tested.

27. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Measurement system 99.950  high-precision resistance for reference. stability : 5ppm/1˚C Temperature measurement instrument 5m-long STP cable 100m-long STP cable Equivalent to -0.128˚C in a Pt100 sensor PSE Sampling rate : 1Hz

28. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Result The instrument worked well with a STP cable. Overall accuracy of 0.1˚C was achieved. Overall accuracy of 0.1˚C was achieved.  agreed with the expected value ( -0.128 ˚C).  errors < 0.002 ˚C Voltage drop by a long Ethernet cable did not affect the measured value.

29. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Installation plans - Temperature measurement instrument Install into the SCSS * prototype accelerator. Install into the SCSS * prototype accelerator. Measurement of air and wall temperatures of the machine tunnel. Measurement of air and wall temperatures of the machine tunnel.  Install into the machine tunnel with radiation protection boxes. Because of low heat generation and PoE support. => Reduce the wiring of Pt100 sensors. Reduce the wiring of Pt100 sensors. Enhance the measurement accuracy. Enhance the measurement accuracy. *SCSS : SPring-8 Compact SASE Source

30. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Installation plans - GP-IB controller Replace VME GP-IB boards. Replace VME GP-IB boards.  Because the GP-IB board makes troubles on the VMEbus. Replace the off-the-shelf dedicated GP-IB controllers. Replace the off-the-shelf dedicated GP-IB controllers.

31. October 10-14ICALEPCS2005@Geneva, Switzerland Summary We succeeded in developing the new Linux- based small-size controllers using PoE. We succeeded in developing the new Linux- based small-size controllers using PoE. PoE maximizes degree of freedom of the installation without AC power lines. PoE maximizes degree of freedom of the installation without AC power lines. PoE enhances controllability of the distributed controllers by using PSE management tool. PoE enhances controllability of the distributed controllers by using PSE management tool. We can apply PoE technology to precise analog measurement as well as digital devices. We can apply PoE technology to precise analog measurement as well as digital devices.

32. Thank you for your attention.