1. GLONASS: Status and Perspectives
Civil GPS Service Interface Committee
International Information Subcommittee
Prague, March, 2005
________________________________________________
Sergey Revnivykh
Satellite Navigation Department
Mission Control Center
Central Research Institute of Machine Building
4 Pionerskaya st, Korolyov

2. Overview State Policy System Status Modernization
International Cooperation
Summary

3. State Policy Principles
GLONASS is a dual-use system
Recognition of GLONASS as an strategic element of the national security issue
No direct user fees for civil GLONASS service
Open access to the GLONASS civil signal structure for user equipment manufacture, applications development and value-added services
Combine GLONASS/GPS receivers use on the Russian territory
Compatibility and interoperability of GLONASS with GPS and future GALILEO
Development of the GNSS global market

4. GLONASS State Policy Sources
Decree of the President , 1999
Decision of the Government, 1999
Federal GLONASS Program for , approved by the Government, August 2001
State concept of the Russian United Navigation and Time Service System, October 2004:
GLONASS is a key element of the Navigation and Time Service System

5. Federal GLONASS Program Directions
Sustainment and development of GLONASS system (Roscosmos, MOD):
Minimal operation capability (18 satellites) by 2008
Full operation capability (24 satellites) by 2010
Development and production preparation of the GNSS user equipment for civil and governmental users (Agency of Industry, MOD)
Combined GNSS receivers
Integrated systems based on GNSS techniques
Components manufacture
Navigation technology introduction in the transport infrastructure (Transport Agencies of MOT)
Geodesy system modernization (Mapping Agency of MOT)
Combined Federal Mission Oriented Program –
directly funded from
the Federal Budget with annual adjustment

6. GLONASS Program Management
Roskosmos:
GLONASS development
GLONASS augmentation development
GLONASS performance monitoring and control
MOD:
GLONASS development
GLONASS operation
User equipment development for governmental use
ROSKOSMOS is
The Program Coordinator

7. System Status Overview State Policy Modernization
International Cooperation
Summary

8. GLONASS Constellation Status (05.03.2005)
14 satellites in constellation
12 GLONASS satellites (3 years life-time):
All operational
2 GLONASS-M satellites (7 years life-time)
Both in flight test
Next launch – end of 2005
Flight tests

9. Constellation History and Perspective
GLONASS deployment milestones:
18 satellites in constellation – 2007
24 satellites in constellation –

10. GLONASS Control Segment (Space Force)
GLONASS System Control Center
Krasnoznamensk, Moscow reg.
Satellite operation
OD&TS
TT&C stations
St.Petersbourg reg.
Schelkovo, Moscow reg
Yenisseysk
Komsomolsk-Amur
System clock (Central synchronizer)
Schelkovo
Mission control segment development in schedule:
One-way tracking stations deployment:
Space Force sites
Rosstandard sites (Mendeleyevo, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk

11. GLONASS Satellite Performance
Guaranteed Life-time
Satellite mass
Power supply
Navigation payload
Mass
Power consumption
Clock stability (24 hours)
Attitude control accuracy
Solar panel pointing accuracy
3 years
1 415 kg
1 000 W
180 kg
600 W
5*10-13
0.5 deg
5 deg
Group launch by PROTON
Total launched 81 satellites
Actual life-time 4.5 years

12. GLONASS-M Performance
Guaranteed Life-time
Satellite mass
Power supply
Navigation payload
Mass
Power consumption
Clock stability (24 hours)
Attitude control accuracy
Solar panel pointing accuracy
7 years
1 415 kg
1 450 W
250 kg
580 W
1*10-13
0.5 deg
2 deg
GLONASS-M new features:
Extended life-time
L2 civil signal
Improved clock stability
Improved solar panel pointing
Improved dynamic model, less level of unpredicted accelerations
Group launch by PROTON

13. GLONASS Availability Evolution
12/2001: 6 SV, A=17 
gap = 13.7h
12/2002: 8 SV, A=22 
gap = 9.3h
12/2003: 9 SV, A=35 
gap = 9.0h
Since 2001 the gap in navigation reduced from 14 to 3 hours
12/2004: 11 SV, A=58 
gap = 4.6h
03/2005: 13 SV, A=76 
gap = 2.9h
12/2007: 18 SV, A=96 
gap = 0.6h

14. Modernization Overview State Policy System Status
International Cooperation
Summary

15. GLONASS Service Modernization
Second civil signal at L2 frequency band since GLONASS-M in 2003 for higher accuracy
Third civil signal at L3 frequency band since GLONASS-K in 2008 for higher reliability and accuracy, especially for safety-of-life applications
GNSS Integrity information in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K) – reliability of navigation service
Global differential ephemeris and time corrections in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K) – sub meter real time accuracy for mobile users
Search and Rescue service (extension of COSPAS/SARSAT service) – shortening time of precise positioning and rescue for people in distress

16. GLONASS Modernization Plan
GLONASS-M
GLONASS-K
GLONASS-KM
2015-…..
Developer NPO PM
D&D phase
To be ordered up to 27 SV
Life-time 10 years
3rd civil signal
Requirement definition
since г.
Developer NPO PM
Producer PO “Polyot”
Total launched 81 SV
Ordered 1 SV
In orbit 12 SV
Life-time 3 years
Developer NPO PM
Producer NPO PM
Ordered 8 SV
In orbit 2 SV
To be ordered 6
Life-time 7 years
2nd civil signal
Ground control segment modernization
Navigation (OD$TS) system modernization
GLONASS augmentation system implementation
System certification for safety of life applications
Navigation service market development
Search and Rescue service implementation
Supplementary functions (TBD)

17. GLONASS-K Performance
Guaranteed Life-time
Satellite mass
Power supply
Navigation payload
Mass
Power consumption
Clock stability (24 hours)
Attitude control accuracy
Solar panel pointing accuracy
10 years
850 kg
1 270 W
260 kg
750 W
1*10-13
0.5 deg
1 deg
GLONASS-K new features:
Extended life-time
L3 civil signal
Improved performance
SAR function
Group launch by SOYUZ

18. GLONASS Signals fk3=fk1*3/4 fk1=f01+k×Df1 fk2=f02+k×Df2
f01=1602 MHz; Df1= 562,5 kHz
f02=1246 MHz; Df2= 437,5 kHz

19. GLONASS Augmentation Development
Operation since 2008
GEO
GLONASS-K
L3 signal
National GLONASS/GPS Tracking Stations Network
Uplink stations
Data Processing and Analysis
Center
Global IGS Network
Positioning in real time:
Global <1 m
Regional <5 cm
Integrity information
Global Orbit and Time Corrections

20. GLONASS Performance Monitoring and Control
Central Research Institute of ROSKOSMOS (Information Analytical Navigation Center) to fit-back for GLONASS Control Segment
Daily ephemeris and clock correction evaluation
Data of global IGS network in use
Driver for GLONASS performance improvement
Orbit error in range ( )
SISRE
GPS
GLONASS
GPS
GLONASS

21. International Cooperation
Overview
State Policy
System Status
Modernization
International Cooperation
Summary

22. General Goal
Benefit users by the reliable, accurate and with high availability navigation service
Developing GLONASS to provide compatibility and interoperability with existing and future systems
Beneficial use of GNSS service in the world market
Standards consolidation
Frequency protection
Joint development of user equipment and augmentations

23. Russia - EU Negotiation process resumed
Consultations on the EU-Russia GALILEO/GLONASS Agreement – text to be consolidated soon
Technical group to find solutions for compatibility and interoperability
Signal compatibility and interoperability at L3/E5b
Time scale shift transmission
GLONASS geodesy reference to be adjusted to ITRF
Russian industry involvement into GALILEO development
SOYUZ launch service for GSTB-V2a
NII PP laser reflectors delivered for GSTB-V2a/b
Involvement to the H-maser development
Russian industry involvement in FP-6

24. Russia - India Agreement signed in December 2004
Civil GLONASS service covering
Participation of India in the GLONASS constellation sustainment (including launches of GLONASS-M satellites with India’s GSLV rocket)
Cooperation in ground GNSS infrastructure development

25. Russia - US
GPS/GLONASS full compatibility provided by design for existing signals
Joint statement signed in December 2004:
No direct user fees for civil GLONASS/GPS service confirmed
Cooperation at International organizations
Ensure compatibility and interoperability
SAR function implementation
Agreement preparation

26. GPS/GLONASS Combine Use Benefits
Advantage of Positioning Availability for Urban and Canyon Conditions
(GDOP<5, mask angle 25o)
GPS+GLONASS (9 sats)
GPS only
GPS+GLONASS (12 sats)
Number of satellites in view for Moscow region during a day
GPS+GLONASS (9 sats)
GPS+GLONASS (18 sats)
GPS only

27. Summary Overview State Policy System Status Modernization
International Cooperation
Summary

28. Summary GLONASS is existing and developing system
GLONASS significance as an element of the national security issue recognized
Performance improvement is in schedule of Federal GLONASS Program
Both compatibility and interoperability of the existing and future systems is the strategic way ahead

29. Спасибо за внимание!