1. Global Maritime Expansion Chapter 15 (pp. 426 – 449)

2.  Migrations of the Polynesian peoples who cultivated transplanted foods and domesticated animals as they moved to new islands  No written records  No navigational devices  Traced through language Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450

4. Easter Island

5.  Official Chinese maritime activity expanded into the Indian Ocean region with the naval voyages led by Ming Admiral Zheng He, which enhanced Chinese prestige  Used Junks (“treasure fleet”)  Led to intensification of Indian Ocean trade Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450

11.  European technological developments in cartography and navigation built on previous knowledge developed in the classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds  Ex. the Astrolabe  Helped astronomers locate & predict locations of celestial bodies  Used first by Greeks, then Muslims Navigational Advancements

14. Manuscript from Nasir al-Din explaining the importance of the astrolabe

15.  Innovative ship designs  Ex. the Caravel  Small, highly maneuverable ship used by the Portuguese to explore West Africa  Lateen sails, Greek influenced hull Navigational Advancements

18.  Portuguese development of a school for navigation led to increased travel to and trade with West Africa, and resulted in the construction of a global trading-post empire  Prince Henry “the Navigator”  Bartolomeu Dias  Vasco da Gama European Exploration, 1400 - 1550

28.  Spanish sponsorship of the first Columbian and subsequent voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific dramatically increased European interest in transoceanic travel and trade  Christopher Columbus  Ferdinand Magellan  Treaty of Tordesillas European Exploration, 1400 - 1550

32. Treaty of Tordillas

38.  Northern Atlantic crossings for fishing and settlements continued and spurred European searches for multiple routes to Asia  Jacques Cartier  Henry Hudson  Samuel de Champlain European Exploration, 1400 - 1550

44.  In Oceania and Polynesia, established exchange and communication networks were not dramatically affected because of infrequent European reconnaissance in the Pacific Ocean European Exploration, 1400 - 1550