0. Blanche Jackson Glimps, Contributor
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction By
Margo A. Mastropieri
Thomas E. Scruggs
Blanche Jackson Glimps, Contributor
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

1. Teaching Study Skills Chapter 12
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Objectives
Demonstrate understanding of tools to develop independent learners and personal organizational skills.
Identify ways to clearly state class expectations for successful completion of homework
Define the purpose, requisite skills, and various strategies to practice effective listening skills.
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. Objectives (cont.)
Identify and demonstrate understanding of various note-taking skills and strategies.
Demonstrate familiarity with various library resources and reference skills necessary to complete successfully a report or project.
Describe and apply strategies for assisting students with disabilities to prepare reports and projects.
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Study Skills and Success in School
Students with special needs and those at-risk for school failure benefit from explicit instruction in studying, organizing, and completing assignments on time
Students who use efficient study and organizational strategies perform better and are more likely to succeed in school
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Strategies for Personal Organizational Skills
Help students develop personal organizational skills
Post and review class and time schedules
Describe how to locate rooms within the school at the beginning of the academic year
Make yourself, a peer, or a paraprofessional available daily to go over class schedules
Don’t forget lockers
Clearly post and review schedule changes
Demonstrate use of daily, weekly, monthly planning
Teach students how to review, prioritize, set goals, and accomplish tasks
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Tools to Develop Independence
Use task analysis to organize assignments
The process of taking a large task or assignment and breaking it into subcomponent smaller tasks, estimating task completion time for each subcomponent
Teach strategies for homework completion
Provides opportunities for students to develop fluency with the information being taught and to develop organizational and self-study skills
Some assignments may need to be reduced in size and scope for students with disabilities
They often require more time to process and complete the same activities
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Homework Give clear instructions and due dates
Explain purpose of the assignment
Describe materials necessary to complete assignment
Repeat or explain the directions
Anticipate any areas of difficulty and attempt to provide extra clarification
Explain how students can get help if they are experiencing difficulty
Establish a regular time for collecting and distributing
Consistently grade and return assignments
Arrange classroom incentives
Remember to assign projects within students’ ability levels
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Teach Strategies for Homework Completion
Clearly state class expectations
How will work be evaluated, provide examples, create checklists
Use cooperative homework teams
Students are assigned into 3- and 4-member heterogeneous cooperative homework teams
Teach assignment completion strategy
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. PROJECT Strategy Assignment completion strategy
Research-based strategy originally taught to middle school students with learning disabilities
Strategy taught using the mnemonic “PROJECT”, representing the following steps
P = Prepare your forms, including monthly planner, weekly study schedule, and assignment sheet
R = Record assignments and ask for clarification
O = Organize the assignment (break into parts)
J = Jump into it (overcome task avoidance)
E = Engage in the work (complete assignment and get assistance as needed)
C = Check your work
T = Turn in your work on time
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. Promoting Listening Skills
Address requisite listening skills
Determine if students can hear speaker adequately
Determine if attention problem exists
Determine if student understands the speaker
Judge whether students can recognize and select important points
Teach listening skills
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Teach Listening Skills
Explain the purpose of a listening activity
Model and demonstrate use of keywords and phrases like first, second, third, next
Have students identify important phrases
Give students advanced organizers
Ask students to relate the presentation to their own knowledge
Give outlines and study guides to students
Segment presentation into three or four smaller parts. Stop after each and summarize
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Adjust Lectures Begin presentations by stating the overall objectives
Include key words and emphasize their use during the presentations
Write key points on an overhead or on board
Adjust pace of presentation
Present schematic diagrams that explain complex concepts or use manipulatives
Stop frequently and encourage students to ask questions
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. Plan for Special Problems
The pace of the presenter is too fast
Amount of information given is too great
Students lack prior knowledge on the topic
Language is too difficult
Students have difficulties processing and organizing information
Strategies:
Ask lecturers to slow down/pace yourself
Repeat information
Write major points
Tape record important presentations
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Note Taking Define the purpose
Provides students with a greater depth of processing of information presented orally
Can also be used to review information presented orally
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. Note Taking Teach note-taking skills and strategies Be prepared
Teach how to write short summaries
Ask questions for clarification
Teach abbreviations
Use specific formats for note taking
Teach speed and accuracy techniques
Teach students how to study using notes
The AWARE strategy
Strategic note taking
Note taking apps
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. The AWARE Strategy
Developed for college students with learning disabilities
Can be adapted for students in secondary settings
Arrange to take notes
Write quickly
Apply cues
Review notes as soon as possible
Edit notes
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Note-taking Note-taking Problems Solutions
Provide outline as handout
Model outlining on board
Copy overhead for student
Model shorthand
Provide variety of paper & pens
Organize lecture logically
Write key points as you lecture
Provide guided notes
Provide format
Teach strategy
Show how to review & elaborate
Model how to use
Schedule time for review
Note-taker is too slow
Legibility
Deciding what to write
Deciding how to organize
Learning how to use notes
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Research and Reference Skills
Students with special needs benefit from explicit instruction, practice, and feedback on research and reference skills including:
Reference books
Indexes
Computer-assisted literature and encyclopedia searches
Search engines
World Wide Web
Encourage students to ask questions and search for answers
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Teach Library Skills Teach use of reference books
Some students may require instruction in alphabetizing
Teach students how to use databases
Teach use of library catalogs
Students need to be taught how to use computerized catalogs
Use of Internet search engines
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. Preparing Reports and Projects
Teach the entire process to students
Define the writing task
Select topic
Provide examples of topics that interest students, but are manageable
Develop a writing plan
Brainstorm ideas
Collect and organize ideas and information
Write first draft of paper
Obtain feedback on draft
Revise and rewrite
Proof and edit final version
The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.