1. Cities and Civilizations
2.2

2. First Cities Middle East farming villages 3500 BC Uruk
Trade among villages
Uruk
World’s first City
5000BC
Present day Iraq
Houses, gardens and large public buildings

3. Uruk vs other cities Uruk Catalhuyuk 40,000 people 6,000 people
1,000 Acres
Strong well-organized government
City leaders temple priests
Military leaders ruled as Kings
Catalhuyuk
6,000 people
32 Acres
Ancient village customs
Council settled disputes

4. Centers of Wealth Economy Uruk economy
Production, distribution, and use of goods and services.
Uruk economy
Farming and trade
Workshops lined streets
Traders traveled widely

5. Wealth Brings People Wealth in Uruk brought people
Farmers and those in countryside
Move inside cities
Uruk walled in
18 feet thick wall stretched 6 miles
Showed worthy of protection

6. Rise of Civilizations Cities grow become civilizations
Society that has cities of well-organized government, and workers with specialized job skills
“resident of city”
Rise depended on food surplus
Most important was soil, water and seeds
Only good with planning and organization

7. Settings of Early Civilizations
First civilization appeared in Middle East
Four early civilizations= river valleys
Rivers rose and flooded land
Water down = fresh layer of soil
Maya
Rain forest (Mexico and Central America)
Inca
Andes Mountains of south America

8. Features of Civilizations
Seven Features
Cities
Centers of religion, government and culture
Well-organized government
Manages resources
Organizes workers to build public works
Roads, water systems and city wall
Train army
Rulers felt rule came from gods

9. Features of Civilizations
Established Religion
Set of religious beliefs shared by everyone in society
Shared belief in many gods…controlled events
Priests led prayers sacrifices…keep gods happy

10. Features of Civilizations
Job Specialization
Priests, rulers, soldiers, crafts workers
Priests = religious activities
Soldiers = keeping order
Craftworkers= producing goods
Traders and merchants= buying and selling
Allowed people to develop skills and talents to maintain a civilization.

11. Features of Civilizations
Social Classes
Groups of people that occupy different ranks or levels in society.
Priests/Rulers
Farmers, Merchants,
skilled workers
Slaves

12. Features of Civilizations
Highly Developed Culture
Great works of art, music, and literature
Temples, tombs ad palaces
Studied the movements of the stars
Developed mathematics and medicine

13. Features of Civilization
System of Writing
Record of numbers
Who bought what, who owed what, etc
Began to record information
Birth, death, marriage

14. 7 features include Cities Government Religion Job specialization
Social classes
Culture
writing