1. Helene Patterson EDTC 3310 September 26, 2012 HISTORY OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

2. INTRODUCTION Educational Technology: “Is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.”

3. “Piaget was very interested in knowledge and how children come to know their world.” JEAN PIAGET

4. Created in 1925, “New York City’s Board of Education was actually the first organization to send lessons to schools through a radio station. Over the next couple of decades, “schools of the air” began broadcasting programs to millions of American students.” RADIO

5. Early 1900’s: “Edward Thorndike brought the use of empirical investigation in instructional techniques and learning theory to the attention of educators. These methods became of interest to the United States during World War II and are considered to be the basis of the modern systems approach to instruction (Reiser, 1987).” EDWARD THORNDIKE

6. 1925, “World War II was a turning point for educational film both in terms of number and technique.” FILM PROJECTOR

7. Created in 1930, The overhead projector was used as a training aid for the military during WWII. This device projected slide images on to a flat surface so that military personnel could all see the image at the same time. OVERHEAD PROJECTOR

8. B. F. SKINNER 1957, Skinner Teaching Machine “B. F. Skinner, a behavioral scientist, developed a series of devices that allowed a student to proceed at his or her own pace through a regimented program of instruction.”

9. SKINNER AND TEACHING MACHINE VIDEO

10. 1958, “ Educational Television: Generally refers to television programs that have a broad cultural purpose such as Sesame Street in America.” EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION

11. TELEVISION & EDUCATION Between the early 60’s and the late 70’s educational television programming went through many changes in how it was sent from the station to the public PBS the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which Congress created. Started delivering all its programming via satellite instead of landlines.

12. During the 1960’s Dale says that learners retain more information by what they do as opposed to what is heard. This model incorporates the theories that are related to instructional design. EDGAR DALE’S CONE OF EXPERIENCE

13. “PLATO offered a solution by providing higher education to segments of the population that would otherwise never be able to afford a university education.” 1980-PLATO COMPUTER

14. “Bruner's constructivist theory is a general framework for instruction based upon the study of cognition.” “In his more recent work, Bruner (1986, 1990, 1996) has expanded his theoretical framework to encompass the social and cultural aspects of learning as well as the practice of law.” JEROME BRUNER

15. Tim Berners-lee developed HTML and the World Wide Web (WWW) was born INTERNET/WORLD WIDE WEB

16. REFERENCES Instructional design. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/constructivist.html http://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/constructivist.html Plato computer system. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLATO_(computer_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLATO_(computer_system Educational technology and learning theory (distance learning). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://what- when-how.com/distance-learning/educational-technology-and-learning-theory-distance-learninghttp://what- when-how.com/distance-learning/educational-technology-and-learning-theory-distance-learning Dunn, J. (2011, April 18). The evolution of classroom technology. Retrieved from http://edudemic.com/2011/04/classroom-technology/ http://edudemic.com/2011/04/classroom-technology/ Dunn, J. (2011, April 18). The evolution of classroom technology. Retrieved from http://edudemic.com/2011/04/classroom-technology/ http://edudemic.com/2011/04/classroom-technology/ Educational technology and learning theory (distance learning). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://what- when-how.com/distance-learning/educational-technology-and-learning-theory-distance-learning/http://what- when-how.com/distance-learning/educational-technology-and-learning-theory-distance-learning/ Dunn, J. (2011, April 18). The evolution of classroom technology. Retrieved from http://edudemic.com/2011/04/classroom-technology/ http://edudemic.com/2011/04/classroom-technology/ Ginn, W. (n.d.). Jean piaget - intellectual development. Retrieved from http://www.sk.com.br/sk-piage.htm http://www.sk.com.br/sk-piage.htm parejo, J. C. (2008). petervaldivia. Retrieved from http://www.petervaldivia.com/technology/networks/index.php http://www.petervaldivia.com/technology/networks/index.php