1. Muscular system

2. Types of the muscle Skeletal:striated, and voluntary.
Smooth:nonstiated, and involuntary.
Cardiac:striated, and involuntary.

3. Types of connective tissues wrappings of skeletal muscle

4. Endomysium : a delicate connective tissue sheath surrounds muscle fibre.
Perimysium : a coarser fibrous membrane surrounds several sheathed muscle fibers to form bundle of fibers called a fascicle.
Epimysium : a tougher overcoat of connective tissue surrounds many fascicles.

6. The epimysia blend into the strong, cord- like tendons, or into sheet-like aponeurosis.
Function:attaching the muscle to bone….
Providing durability
Conserving space

7. Muscle function Providing movement Maintaining posture
Stabilizing joint
Generating heat

9. Origin : is the point where the muscle is attached to immovable or less movable bone.
Insertion : is the point where the muscle attached to movable bone.

10. Prime mover : the muscle that has the major responsibility for causing a movement.
Antagonist : the muscle that reverse a movement.

11. Naming Skeletal muscles
Direction of the muscle fibers
Relative size of the muscle
Location of the muscle
Number of the origin
Location of the muscle’s origin and insertion
Shape of the muscle
Action of the muscle

12. Types of body movements
Flexion &extension:
movement in sagittal plane

14. Rotation:
It is the movement of a bone around its long axis
atlas around the dens of axis

15. Abduction &adduction:
moving the limb away or toward the midline of the body

16. Circumduction :
is a combination of
flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

18. Special movement Dosiflexion&planter flexion Inversion and eversion
Supination and pronation
opposition

19. Head muscles
Facial Muscles (Frontalis, Orbicularis oculi Orbicularis oris, Buccinator,Zygomaticus) .
Chewing Muscle (Buccinator,Masseter, Temporalis).

21. Facial muscles Frontalis : It raise the eyebrows
It wrinkle the forehead
Orbicularis oculi :
It closes the eyes, blink.

22. Orbicularis oris:
It closes the mouth
Buccinator :
It flatten the cheek.

24. Chewing Muscle Buccinator Masseter :
It closes the jaw by elevating the mandible
Temporalis:
It is synergist of the masseter in closing the jaw.

26. Neck muscles
Sternocleidomastoid : it is a paired muscles with two headed muscles, one from each side of the neck.
platysma

27. Trunk muscles Anterior muscles Muscles of the abdominal wall
Posterior muscles

29. Anterior muscles :
Pectoralis major : a large fan shaped muscle covering the upper part of the chest. It adduct and flex the arm.
Intercostal muscles:
External intercostal
Internal intercostal
innermost intercostal

31. Muscles of the abdominal wall :
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis

32. Posterior muscles :
Trapezius : It is the most superficial muscles of posterior neck and upper trunk. It extend the head &antagonist sternocleidomastoid.

33. Latissmus Dorsi:
Large, flat muscle pair that cover the lower back.
Extends and adducts the humerus.
Erector spinae:
Deep muscles of the back.It extend the back.

34. Detoid
Favorite injection
Prime movers of arm abduction.

36. Muscle of the upper limb
The first group include muscles that arise from the shoulder girdle and cross the shoulder joint to insert into the humerus (pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, and deltoid).

38. The second group causes movement at the elbow joint (Biceps brachii,brachialis,brachioradialis, and triceps brachii)

39. The third group causes movement at the wrist joint (flexor carpi and flexor digitorum)
(extensor carpi and extensor digitorum)

40. Muscles of lower limb Muscles causing movement at the hip joint
Muscles causing movement at the knee joint
Muscles causing movement at the ankle and foot joint

42. Muscles causing movement at the hip joint (gluteus maximus,gluteus medius,illiopsoas ,adductor muscles)

44. Muscles causing movement at the knee joint (hamstring group,sartorius ,quadriceps group)

45. Muscles causing movement at the ankle and foot joint (tibialis anterior,extensor digitorum longus,fibularis muscles,gastrocnemius,soles)