1. Normal Atmosphere - Ocean Circulation

3. wind W E W E Warm Cold Pacific ocean 1 m Normal El Niño Circulatio n Changes Associate d with El Niño

4. SST & Precip. Change s During El Niño NOAA/PMEL/TAO Palau, much rain Palau, dry Cold water Warm water Normal El Niño

5. Palau E. Pacific Warming During ‘82-3 El Niño NOAA-CIRES

6. El Niño Nov-Mar Precipitation Anomaly Palau NOAA-CIRES

7. Global Impacts of ElNiño USDA

8. El Niño in Palau: Drought 1998 200 0 Photos courtesy of Dr.Pat Colin

9. Drought in Palau 1998 El Niño Brush Fires Photos courtesy of Dr.Pat Colin

10. Mathematica l Models: El Niños More Frequent & Intense in Warmer Climate Need historical climate records to evaluate this… Need historical climate records to evaluate this… “The farther backward you can look, the farther forward you are likely to see.” -Winston Churchill

11. Occurrence of El Niño Increased Over Last 10,000 Years Moy et al. (2002) Nature 420:162-165.