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Chapter 15 Inhalants
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Inhalants Volatile substances Introduced via lungs Intoxicating; euphorigenic
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Who abuses? 700,000 new users/year 20% of all 8 th graders As prevalent as marijuana
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Consequences “Sudden Sniffing Death” Brain damage Loss of muscle control Damage to heart, blood, kidney, liver, bone marrow
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Considerations Synergistic effects Lipid (fat) composition Developmentally immature users
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Ancient Greeks Nitrous oxide “Glue-sniffing” History
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Volatile substances Anesthetics Nitrites Classification
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Volatile Substances
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Nausea Cough/sneeze Light-headedness Damage heart, kidneys, brain Hypoxia/death Effects
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Propellant gases Concentrate chemicals Both chemical and cold injuries Aerosols
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Toluene Concentrates in brain Brain, liver and kidney damage Arrhythmias, SSD
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Other Volatile Substances Butane Propane Gasoline Freon ™
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Anesthetics Nitrous oxide “Laughing gas” “Whippets” Occasional SSD Generally not significant abuse problem
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Nitrites Vasodilators “Poppers” Room deodorizers Abused by only a few, select groups
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Why abused? Legally obtained Readily available Inexpensive Easy to conceal Lack of information
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Who abuses? 20% of all 8 th graders “Kid’s” habit Even small children
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Parental Attitude 9 of every 10 parents do not believe that their children have abused inhalents
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Who abuses? More men than women (for now...) Often poor self image, difficult environment (but not always…) Episodic outbreaks
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Signs of Abuse Appear drunken Red, watery eyes “Sniffles” without other signs of cold Slurred speech Rashes on nose and mouth
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Other signs… Unusual chemicals in belongings Solvent-smelling breath Sitting with marker near nose Constantly smelling clothes Hiding chemical-soaked rags
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Dangers of Inhalants SSD Damage brain, liver, kidney, heart, fetus Accidents associated with “intoxication” and fires
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Treatment Treatment programs Education Prevention!!
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