1. Effect of Building Material and Wall Construction on the Energy Consumption Mahmoud A. Hassan Nabil M. Guirguis Amr. Ibrahim Ahmed A. Fahim Housing and Building National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Industrial Education Faculty, Cairo, Egypt

2. objectives Investigate the effect of different building materials on the electrical power consumption. Investigate the effect of the environmental region on the electrical power consumption. Select the most effective building materials which save energy

3. Methodology Computational investigation was carried out using computer software for the energy calculation and energy estimation called “Visual DOE”. A single story flat which were consists of two bed rooms, hall, bath room, and kitchen. The total flat area was 120 m2. The light power density (LPD) and equipment power density (EPD) were fixed at 21.53 W/m2 and 8.07 W/m2 respectively. The floor was adiabatic floor with U-factor is 0.18 W/m oC. Different types of building brick were used in this study. The simulation was carried out for three different environmental regions in order to know the effect of the environmental climate on the electrical power consumption. The three environmental regions are Cairo, Alexandria, and Aswan.

4. Figure 1: A Single Story Flat

5. Table 1: Physical Characteristic of the Different Building Materials Types U-factor W/m 2 o C Thermal Conductivity W/m o C Density Kg/m 3 Thickness cm 3.071195012.5Solid clay brick 3.301.25180012.5Solid cement brick 2.801.6114025Hollow cement brick 2.641.4200025Solid concrete brick 1.040.3398512.5Light white brick 3.591.59180012.5Solid sand brick 2.541.39150012.5Hollow clay brick

6. Results Table 2: effect of building material type on heat and cooling power consumption AswanAlexCairo U-factor W/m 2 o C coolingheatingcoolingheatingcoolingheating 5133394978884881779755822.8Hollow cement 25 cm 4986378379034740776454382.45Hollow clay brick 12.5 cm 4259226377583408746837711.04Light white brick 12.5 cm 4946344378084540764450432.64Solid concrete 25 cm 5384479479255644785164083.3Solid cement 12.5 cm 5279446779205348783661003.07Solid clay brick 12.5 cm 5414519678996009780768053.59Solid sand brick 12.5 cm

7. Table 3: effect of the insulating thickness with the light white brick on the heating and cooling power consumption for the three different climatic regions. AswanAlexCairoU-factor W/m 2 o C coolingheatingcoolingheatingcoolingheating 4079190277163115739133640.56Light white brick + ins 2.5 cm 4025175577312970738531780.38Light white brick + ins 5 cm 3997167477412891738430760.29Light white brick + ins 7.5 cm 3979162377472841733230110.23Light white brick + ins 10 cm 3967158777512808733329690.20Light white brick + ins 12.5 cm 3958156377542784733329370.17Light white brick + ins 15 cm 3952154477562766733429140.15Light white brick + ins 17.5 cm 3868153177582751733428950.13Light white brick + ins 20 cm

8. Table 4 : effect of azimuth angle for light white brick for the three climatically regions AswanAlexCairo Light white brick totalcoolingheatingtotalcoolingheatingtotalcoolingheating 120154066172010555722228801153174163142 Angel 0 127894414171610753784927871199676323154 Angel 45 128384552150211021703027271250078543158 Angel 90 11995413113699589716722471122975342744 Angel 135 11419386213629999769522801091574002700 Angel 180 120794050165810162776926511144674722993 Angel 225 123294059182911298790831821187175593231 Angel 270 123294037197110854704531021170975133272 Angel 315 120154066172010555722228801153174163142 Angel 360

9. Table 5: effect of the roof insulation on the heating and cooling power consumption for three climatically regions AswanAlexCairo U-factor W/m 2 o C coolingheatingcoolingheatingcoolingheating 516328127986406078214634 1 Roof no insulation 417419767640313473193422 0.80 Roof + ins 2.5 cm 395517837585293872203135 0.48 Roof + ins 5 cm 585916947563285071773010 0.34 Roof + ins 7.5 cm 380516467550280071532940 0.27 Roof + ins 10 cm 376716147542276671362893 0.22 Roof + ins 12.5 cm 374415947536274471252861 0.18 Roof + ins 15 cm 388430857166376277344199 1 Exterior shading 378324047103253678013519 0.27 Roof + ins 10 cm + Exterior shading

10. CONCLUSION For Cairo Light white brick 12.5 cm is the more suitable, polystyrene 10 cm is the most effective thickness, north direction is the optimum azimuth angle, roof insulation with a thickness 10 cm insulating materials are the best selection for heating, the use of exterior shading is the more effective for cooling process. Finally for the total power consumption the case of polystyrene 10 cm thickness with external shading is the best solution. For Alex The light white brick 12.5 cm is the most suitable building materials for this climate region, a thickness of 5 cm polystyrene is the effective thickness for saving the electrical power consumption. As Cairo the north direction was the optimum azimuth angle for building, polystyrene 5 cm thickness with external shading is the best and economic solution. For Aswan The light white brick 12.5 cm is the most suitable building materials, a thickness of 12.5 cm polystyrene is the effective thickness for saving the electrical power consumption. As Cairo the north direction was the optimum azimuth angle for building, roof insulation with a thickness 12.5 cm insulating materials are the more effective selection. polystyrene 12.5 cm thickness with external shading is the best solution. Finally it is important to compromise between the effect of the each modification on the electrical power consumption for the two processes heating and cooling and must select the most economical modification.