1. Swine Unit

2. Eight Major Traditional Breeds Berkshire Chester White Duroc Hampshire Landrace Poland China Spotted Yorkshire

3. Berkshire Breed developed in Berkshire, England Imported to U.S. in 1820’s Characteristics – Black body with 6 white points (4 feet, nose, and tail) Maternal and Paternal Breed

4. Chester White Developed in Chester County, Pennsylvania in the early 1800’s White bodies with small droopy ears Maternal

5. Duroc Developed in New York, New York in 1860’s Red to dark-red in color Paternal breed

6. Hampshire Developed in Boone County, Kentucky in 1890’s Black with a white belt circling the shoulders and front legs Maternal breed

7. Landrace Imported to U.S. from Denmark in 1930’s Whitish pink with extremely long-bodied and large drooping ears Maternal breed

8. Poland Chinas (Polands) Developed in Southwest Ohio in 1800’s Black bodies with white points with droopy ears Paternal breed

9. Spotted Swine (Spots) Developed in the state of Indiana in early 1900’s Spotted black and white with drooping ears Paternal breed

10. Yorkshire (Yorks) Developed in Yorkshire, England in early 1800’s White with upright ears Maternal breed

11. Other Known Breeds Tamworth- red with upright ears Herefords- red with white face, legs, and underline Pietrain- black with white spots

12. Baby Pig Processing Baby Pig Processing = Newly-born piglets require some special management procedures the first few days of life. 1.Cut umbilical cord, iodine remaining cord 2.Cut needle teeth 3.Dock tails 4.Notch ears 5.Vaccine shot of antibiotic 6.Castrate males

13. Swine Facts Gestation- length of pregnancy Swine gestate for 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days or 114 days Ideal Litter Size = 9 piglets per litter Ideal Birth weight = 3 lbs. Piglets should be weaned at 6 weeks Ideal Market Weight = 250 lbs. at 20 weeks Top Swine States = Iowa, North Carolina, Illinois, Indiana Swine generate over 10 billion dollars in gross receipts each year to the United States Weight of adult brood boar – 500 to 700 Weight of adult brood sows – 300 to 500

14. Maternal/Paternal Breeds Maternal:Good mothers/fathers Large litters Produce lots of milk for young Paternal:Excel in growth Muscling Leanness

15. Swine Names Adult Male - Boar Adult Female - Sow Young - Piglet Castrated - Barrow Young Male – Boar Piglet Young Female - Gilt

16. Scientific Names Scientific name = Used in scientific writings to reduce confusion of multiple common names, the scientific name (or Latin name) of an animal is two words long; consisting of the genus and species names. The entire name is written in italics (or underlined if italics are not available), with the genus capitalized. Example: Humans = Homo sapiens

17. Homer sapiens

18. Scientific Classification Kingdom – Aminalia (animal) Phylum – Chorodata (vertebrate) Class – Mammalia (mammal) Order –Artiodyctal (non-ruminant) Family –Suidae Genus – Sus Species – scofa Genus species name for swine is “Sus scofa”