1. I mean they do keep you alive!
PLANTS
I mean they do keep you alive!

2. General Characteristics
Multicellular
Photosynthesis aka Autotrophic
Eukaryote
All can reproduce sexually
Have cell walls

3. Fun Facts
The Energy most organisms needs comes directly or indirectly from plants
12 phyla and more than 270,000 known species
Life cycles vary from a few weeks to 5,000 years
Some less than 1mm in width and some grow more than 328 feet tall.

4. Review Photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water  oxygen + sugar
Light is used as the energy source for the reaction.

5. Evolution Cyanobacteria endosymbiosis
All related to – green algae (multicellular photosynthetic plant-like protist)
Increased throughout time in the plants level of complexity
Could not grow until ozone formed (protected organisms from UV rays)

6. Adaptation to Land
Aquatic environment to land (biggest goal: how to conserve water)
Thicker cell walls
Vascular tissue
Reproduction without water (spores and seeds)
Cuticle
Stomata

7. Organization/Structures
12 division/phylum classified into 2 groups
Vascular
True stems, leaves, and roots (think trees, flowers, pretty much all other plants)
Non Vascular
Short, no true stems, leaves or roots (think liverwart, moss, etc.)

8. Nonvascular 3 phyla are called bryophytes (16,600 species)
Usually grow near streams and rivers
Sexual reproduction needs water to reproduce (sperm and egg swim)
Asexual does not
Rhiziods instead of roots
Flat broad tissues instead of leaves

9. Two types of vascular tissue
Xylem and Phloem
Xylem – carries WATER and inorganic nutrients in ONE direction from the roots to the stems and leaves
Phloem – carries ORGANIC compounds (carbohydrates) in ANY direction, depending on the plants needs.
Vascular Plants have three kinds of tissue (dermal, ground, and vascular)

10. Vascular tissue helps to provide support, aquatic plants use water as a support system.
Woody tissue – several layers of xylem
Non-woody = herbaceous

11. Seedless or Seeds Vascular Plants are broken down into 2 groups
Seedless – example ferns (produce spores)
Seeds

12. Gymnosperm and Angiosperm
Seed plants are broken down into two groups
Gymnosperms – “Naked seed” ex pine trees : seeds are not in a fruit
Angiosperms – flowering plants: seeds are within a protective fruit

13. Monocots and Dicots Angiosperm breaks down into 2 classes
Monocots – embryo has 1 cotyledon, typically narrow leaves, long parallel veins, flowers in multiples of three (grasses, corn)
Dicots – embryo has 2 cotyledons, broad leaves with branching veins, flowers in multiples of four or five (beans, most trees)

14. Functions
Draw and label a picture of the types of tissue and general plant parts pg. 570
Draw and label a woody stem pg. 575
Draw and label simple and compound leaves pg. 576
Draw and label the differences between monocot and dicot pg. 574
Use color and include all needed detail! (homework is not finished)

15. Identifying Characteristics
Leaves
Monocot and Dicot
Stem types

16. Basic Plant Reproduction
Alternation of Generations
All plants have a life cycle that involves two phases