1. The Middle Colonies
Chapter 3 Section 3

2. Middle Colonies The Middle colonies included:NY
The Middle colonies included:
New York (NY) , New Jersey (NJ) , Delaware (DE),
and Pennsylvania (PA). PA NJ DE
Picture Credit:

3. Let’s Talk About… The Geography of the Middle Colonies

4. The Hudson River
Flows through eastern New York before reaching the sea at New York City.

5. Long Island The easternmost part of new York
Extends into the Atlantic Ocean for more than 100 miles
Map of Long Island

6. Pennsylvania The regions second-largest state.
Southeastern section is a lowland.
Philadelphia---Pennsylvania’s largest city
Contains the Delaware River

7. New Jersey & Delaware New Jersey Delaware
Lowland along the Atlantic Coast
Delaware
Regions smallest State
Located on the coast directly south of New Jersey

8. Climate
Good farming land (grains) Livestock, rivers and hills. Harbors.
Climate warmer than New England.
Picture Credit: Lan_Farm_Trust.htm

9. New York and New Jersey
New York began as the Dutch colony of New Netherland.
By 1660, it was an economic success.
The colony was the base for a profitable fur trade between the Dutch and Native Americans.
One of New Netherland’s major problems was its small Dutch population.

10. New Netherland Becomes New York
In 1664, King Charles II granted the right to all the Dutch lands in North America to his brother James.
All James had to do was conquer the territory.
Warships were sent, and the Dutch surrendered immediately.
The colony was renamed New York
New Amsterdam, it’s capital, became New York City.

11. New Jersey
Established in 1665, when part of southern New York was split off to form a new colony
In the beginning was a proprietary colony (created by a grant given to an individual or family)
1702-became a royal colony (controlled directly by the English king)

12. The Quakers
One of a number of religious groups in England in the ’s
Believed all people had a direct link to God
Did not need ministers
All people equal in God’s eyes
First people in England to speak out against slavery
Women equal to men
Women able to be leaders in meetings

13. William Penn Quaker leader Personally knew King Charles II
Wanted to find safe place for Quakers to live
1681, received an area almost as large as England, mainly in what is not Pennsylvania

14. Penn’s “Holy Experiment”
Arrived in his colony in 1682
Named capital, Philadelphia (means “city of brotherly love)
Considered his colony to be a “holy experiment”
Goal: to create a colony in which people from different religious backgrounds could live peacfully

15. Penn continued
1682, Penn wrote his Frame of Government for Pennsylvania.
Granted the colony an elected assembly
Provided for freedom of religion
Did not allow colonists to settle on land until is was sold to them

16. Delaware: A Separate Colony
1st settlers-people from Sweden
1650’s, Dutch took control, lost it to the English when they lost New York
Penn’s charter for Pennsylvania included Delaware
1704, Delaware becomes a separate colony

17. Growth and Change
By the early 1700’s, more than 20,000 colonists lived in Pennsylvania.
Top cash crop-wheat
Manufacturing
Iron, flour, paper
Workers
Shoemakers, carpenters, masons, weavers, traders, coopers (made barrels)

18. The Backcountry
Backcountry consisted of several colonies from Pennsylvania to Georgia
Colonists
English, Scotch-Irish, German
German Immigrants were called the Pennsylvania Dutch
Mid 1770’s-people traveling south in covered wagons ( The Great Wagon Road)

19. Diverse and Thriving Colonies
1750-Non-English Immigrants made the Middle Colonies the most diverse part of English North America
Philadelphia and New York had become the largest cities and busiest ports in the colonies.
All colonies had thriving economies