1. Ecology Essays

2. Why were they banned? chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
#1 CFC’s
Why were they banned? chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
Widely used in refrigerants, aerosol propellants, and solvents.

3. Ozone protects the earth from harmful UV rays; if broken to just oxygen, then we are not protected.

4. The manufacture of such compounds is being phased out by(2005) the Montreal Protocol (1987)because they contribute to ozone depletion.

5. Ozone = O3

6. #2 Biological Magnification
A substance appears in higher concentrations in organisms higher in a given food chain than in organisms lower in a food chain.

7. Food Chain Concentration of DDT in a Long Island Marsh sprayed for Mosquito Control (1967)
 ppm
Water
 .00005
Plankton
 .04
Silverside Minnow
 .23
Sheephed Minnow
 .94
Pickerel
1.23
Needlefish
2.07
Heron
3.57
Tern
3.91
Osprey
13.8
Merganser
22.6
Cormorant
26.4

8. DDT BIOMAGNIFICATION EXAMPLE
DDT biomag in Eagles
DDT builds up in the fatty tissues of organisms.

9. Acid Rain
form of precipitation that is unusually acidic (pH of 5.5 or lower)

10. SO2 and NO2 combine with H2O to form acids

11. Almost all of the electricity that powers modern life comes from burning fossil fuels like coal, natural gas, and oil. acid deposition is caused by two pollutants that are released into the atmosphere, or emitted, when these fuels are burned: sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

12. Fossil Fuel Factories Common Around the Great Lakes
Note the acidic pH’s around the Great Lakes

13. Acid Rain Effect on Plants
Damages leaves
Stunts roots
Inhibits seed germination

14. Acid Rain Effect on Aquatic Life
pH reaches 5.5, plankton, certain insects and crustaceans begin to die.
At a pH of around 5.0, the fish population begin to die.
When the pH drops below 5.0, all the fish have died,

15. Acid Rain Effect on Animals
Lose habitats
Eventually animals up the food chain will die

16. Effect on Human Beings
entire fish stocks in certain lakes have been wiped out
asthmatic people and children are directly affected.

17. FUEL: COAL OR WOOD

18. COAL WOOD Price is acceptable Burns higher amount of heat
Polluted smoke
Not a renewable source
Pollutes water as acid rain
Not real expensive
Can replant as a renewable source
Puts carbon dioxide in the air
Does not pollute the water
Can get local wood

19. COAL WOOD