1. United States Army Combined Arms Center Progression Towards BCTP Full Spectrum Exercises BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM “DECISIVE VICTORY” OCT 1986 - OCT 2009 COL Mark E. McKnight Commander, BCTP

2. United States Army Combined Arms Center Agenda Battle Command Significant Observations Emerging Full Spectrum Training Requirements Warfighter Exercise Full Spectrum Exercise Concept Brigade Full Spectrum Exercise FOUO DECISIVE VICTORY

3. United States Army Combined Arms Center Significant Battle Command Observations Division and Above DECISION MAKING Recognition of Emerging Transitions that require Decisions: Formations are not identifying or anticipating emerging transitions which require decisions. Staffs are not anticipating transitions and developing COAs for Commander’s approval in order to set the conditions for subordinate formations mission accomplishment. Recommendation: Coach commanders to provide a clear visualization and description of Division vs the BCT fights within their intent Coach commanders on clearly identifying the decisive operation and weighting of the main effort Improve Knowledge Management SOPS and training in order to improve Understanding and Visualization Identification of Adjustment Decisions: Commanders and staffs continue to struggle with the identification of adjustment decisions which modify the plan to respond to opportunities and threats. Recommendation: Use of running estimates and systems which not only address threats but identify opportunities Development and evolution of CCIR which focus collection efforts toward anticipated decisions Establishing a sustainable focused battle rhythm which updates and reports changes to running estimates/decisions Understanding of Acceptable Risk within Decisions in support of Decisive Operations: Commander’s and staffs do not develop a shared understanding and visualization where risk can be assumed in decisions in order to accomplish the decisive operation. Recommendation: Inclusion of commander’s acceptable risk in initial planning guidance and commander’s Intent Clear, readily understood mission orders that identify where risk is being accepted Instill within subordinate commanders the initiative to make decisions that assume risk in support of task accomplishment FOUO

4. United States Army Combined Arms Center Significant Battle Command Observations Division and Above FOUO DECISION MAKING AND FULL SPECTRUM OPERATIONS SPECTRUM of CONFLICT Stable Peace General War Insurgency Unstable Peace OFF STAB DEF STAB OFF DEF OFF STAB DECISIVE VICTORY  Recognition of Emerging Transitions during Full Spectrum Operations  Identification of Adjustment Decisions  Understanding of Acceptable Risk within Decisions

5. United States Army Combined Arms Center BCTP Emerging Training Requirements We cannot simply pile more good ideas on top of old proven methods as we work through how we train, educate, and develop leaders for full-spectrum operations. We must innovate and adapt as we transform training and leader development to achieve our goals. GEN CASEY,CSA. ATLG 2010-11 Revising Warfighter Exercise to meet Full Spectrum Exercise (FSX) requirements: –Addressing atrophied Offense and Defense skills –Increasing to a 5-2-5 model –Researching what is the right resourcing for JIIM in a FSX –Integration of the Hybrid Threat Developing future Full Spectrum Battle Command Seminars Integrate Design into future Battle Command Seminars and Exercises Develop example training objectives that support the One Full Spectrum METL Address additional and emerging training requirements in support of MBA-SFA

6. United States Army Combined Arms Center The Warfighter Exercise Exercise Construct 5-7 day CPX for Division and Corps preceded by a 5-day BCS (within six months) 9-12 day model for BCT includes a 5-day BCS and MDMP in conjunction with the CPX Seeks to replicate Unified Actions in a full spectrum COE with a free playing OPFOR Relies primarily on the interaction of BLUFOR and OPFOR in the simulation to create the challenges required for training FOUO Goal: The purpose of the WFX is to assist in the training of Corps, Division and Brigade Commanders and their staffs in the execution of Battle Command. The WFX is focused on training a unit on a set of mission essential tasks identified by the EXDIR and the training unit commander. Issues WFX scenarios to date have been primarily focused on Offense and Defense with Stability added as an additional mission Mission sets are sequential in nature 5-7 days of CPX is not enough to allow for the detailed planning and simultaneous execution of Offense, Defense and Stability Operations Adequate time for a unit to conduct assessments is not available Problem: the current WFX model does not adequately support the training of Full Spectrum Operations. OffenseDefense Counterattack or Stability Operations DD+1D+2D+3D+4 AARAAR Generalized Division Model

7. United States Army Combined Arms Center The Full Spectrum Exercise Exercise Construct 4-2-4 CPX for Division and Corps preceded by a 5- day BCS (within six months) Additional time sufficient to portray the complexity of a full spectrum environment; includes hybrid threat Additional training days prevents focus on just the Offense-Defense fight Already in execution at the BCT level with Operations Group C FOUO Goal: FSX is to assists in the training of Corps, Division and Brigade Commanders and their staffs in the execution of Battle Command along the spectrum of conflict. The FSX is focused on training a unit on a set of mission essential tasks. Specifically, a unit can work on “re-bluing” the atrophied skills associated with offense and defense without neglecting the skills required to execute stability operations. DD+1D+2D+3D+4D+5D+6D+7D+8D+9 AAR AAR Army forces combine offensive, defensive, and stability or civil support operations simultaneously as part of an interdependent joint force to seize, retain, and exploit the initiative, accepting prudent risk to create opportunities to achieve decisive results. ~ FM 3-0 dtd FEB 09 Army forces combine offensive, defensive, and stability or civil support operations simultaneously as part of an interdependent joint force to seize, retain, and exploit the initiative, accepting prudent risk to create opportunities to achieve decisive results. ~ FM 3-0 dtd FEB 09 Offense Stability Defense Stability Offense Defense Generalized Division Model Concept

8. United States Army Combined Arms Center Battle Command Seminar (COIN) BCTP BCT Full Spectrum Exercise BCTP Brigade Full Spectrum Exercise FOUO Goal: Exercise the core competencies that set the foundation for the other CTCs to build upon (Battle Command, MDMP, Targeting, Knowledge Management, Command Post Operations) BCSoSIT Individual ABCS Operator Training JRTC/NTC/ JMRC LTP JRTC/NTC/ JMRC MRE “101” “501” “401” “301” “201”Scenarios “Caspian Sea” FSO OIF – NTC Nested OEF – JRTC Nested OIF – MBA-SFA NTC Nested OIF MBA-SFA JRTC Nested OEF – NTC Nested Discussing a nested scenario for execution with JMRC

9. United States Army Combined Arms Center Sustainment & Multi-Functional BDEs UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 9 Goal: In partnership with 1 st Army and COEs, provide each deploying unit a Culminating Training Event Theater Commands Functional BDEs Multi-Functional Support BDEs Unified Endeavor BCTP Lead Training audience in a DIV/CORPS/JTF Exercise JCOM/BCTP resources Work for theater higher headquarters 1 st Army or Center of Excellence BCTP Support BCTP provides OPSGRP for OT support only Planned and executed by 1 st Army or Center of Excellence Single Operations Group resources Enduring Support (Stand Alone) BCTP Lead BCTP Level resources 1 st Army support Center of Excellence support CTE Construct BCTP Role 135 TH ESC PoP 36 TH, 90 TH, 96 TH SBs PoP

10. United States Army Combined Arms Center Progression Towards BCTP Full Spectrum Exercises BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM “DECISIVE VICTORY” OCT 1986 - OCT 2009 COL Mark E. McKnight Commander, BCTP