1. Personal Protective Equipment

2. Standard precaution or Universal Precaution
Treat all blood and bodily fluids as if they are contaminated.

3. PPE
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be worn by healthcare personnel to protect themselves against exposure to pathogens, chemical hazards and to minimize potential contamination of their clothing.

4. PPE Use appropriate barrier equipment designed to shield
the employee from blood and body fluid contamination.
This equipment includes gloves, fluid resistant masks
and gowns, splash shields, and eye protection, and is
used whenever there is a risk of exposure to blood or
other potentially infectious material.

5. Laboratory Apparel or PPE
Lab coat
Gloves
Goggles
Mask
Splash shield
Gown
Long hair should be pulled back
Loose jewelry should not be worn

6. Common Aseptic Techniques
Asepsis –  
1.The state of free of living pathogenic microorganisms.
2. The process of removing pathogenic microorganisms or protecting against infection by such organisms.
Techniques
Handwashing and good personal hygiene
Using disposable gloves when contacting body secretions or contaminated objects
Proper cleaning of instruments and equipment
Thorough cleaning of the environment

7. Lab Coat
…worn by healthcare providers to protect their skin and clothing during patient care and/orhandling specimens. Lab coats worn by phlebotomists and clinical lab personnel are made of fluid-resistant cotton or manmade material. Lab coats are long sleeved, button/snap fronts usually with cotton fitting cuffs. Lab coats cab be disposable or laundrable.

8. Lab Coat Don Lab coat first; button/snap all closures
If necessary tie back long hair
Upon removing a lab coat; remove gloves first.

9. Practice Lab Coat
It seems silly but practice now putting on your lab coat, buttoning from the neck to the knees.
This is the proper way to wear this protective garment.
It is often observed with lab coats open and just protecting the top of the shoulders.
Remove your lab coat making minimal contact with the possibly contaminated front.

10. Donning and Removal of PPE in the Healthcare Setting
The gown is donned first
Second the face/eye protection equipment
Gloves are applied
Removal
Gloves
Goggles/face shield
Gown

11. Gloves
Gloves are made from vinyl, latex or nitrile (latex free.) Be sensitive to a possible latex allergy. Gloves are clean and non-sterile.
Gloves are the most used PPE in the medical setting
There is no reported difference in the different glove materials and barrier effectiveness when gloves are intact.
Intact gloves must be worn and sized to allow the healthcare provider ability to manipulate fine motor skills without the gloves interfering.

12. Gloves should be worn when…
performing phlebotomy training.
performing all sticks, to include; heel sticks and fingersticks.
laboratory testing involves blood or body fluid secretion specimens.
handling contaminated items

13. Gloves should be worn when…
Gloves should be changed between each patient contact.
Touching non-intact skin an/or mucous membranes

14. Gloves
Attention should be given when wearing gloves and environmental services that you touch within the laboratory or patient care area.
It is important to realize that when you are wearing gloves for protective reasons there is a potential for contamination of other surfaces and other people.

15. Gloves
In the work space be certain to remove gloves (utilizing the proper removal procedure) when answering the telephone, using the restroom, touching door knobs, etc.
Another look at gown and glove
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16. Donning of Gloves
When putting on gloves pull gloves up over the cuff or sleeve of the lab coat to provide maximum protection of your skin.

17. Removal of gloves The outside of gloves is contaminated
The wrist of one glove is grapped with the opposite hand and peeled off inside out over and off the hand
Hold and ball up removed glove in gloved hand
Slide the fingers of the non- gloved hand under the wrist of the remaining glove without touching the exterior surface of the glove.

18. Removal of gloves
Peel glove off and over first glove ( the first glove should end up inside the second glove with no exterior glove surfaces exposed.)
Dispose of gloves in the proper waste container.

19. Removal of Goggles or Face Shield
Worn to protect the eyes (googles), nose and mouth from splashes or sprays of body fluids
The eyes, nose and mouth are the most common pathway of entry for infectious pathogens
Outside of goggles of face shield is contaminated
To remove, handle by head band or ear pieces
Place in designated waste containers to be reprocessed or proper disposable waste container.

20. Gown
When putting on a gown it should fully cover your body from neck to knees. Only inside surfaces should be touched.
Slip arms into the protective gown and securely fasten at the neck and waist.
Gowning would be utilized by the phlebotomist if a draw was ordered for a patient who is under isolation precautions

21. Removing the Gown The front and sleeves of the gown are contaminated
Unfasten the ties
The gown is removed from the inside out by sliding the arms out of the sleeves.
Pull the gown away from the neck and shoulders touching the inside only
Holding the gown away from your body fold it with the contaminated outside on the inside
Roll into a ball and discard in appropriate waste disposal container.

22. Isolation Precautions
In some specific Isolation Precaution procedures it may be necessary to wear a respirator. The gown, eye protection and gloves are removed inside the patient area The respirator is not removed until the healthcare provider has left the patient care area.

23. GPS
b.Demonstrate and implement proper disposal, storage, and clean up of biohazardous and chemical materials

24. It is the responsibility of the teacher/supervisor to provide training and orientation to the safety elements in the lab and patient care areas.
OSHA requires documentation that employees have been properly trained in safety.

25. Exposure Control Methods
Biohazard
Standard Precautions
PPE
Environmental Controls
Work Practice Controls

26. What are the some of the causes of Healthcare Providers contracting an Infection?????
Accidental aspiration
Accidental inoculation with contaminated needles or syringes
Sprays from syringes
release of aerosols when uncapping specimens
Equipment accidents ex. centrifuge
Broken glassware can yield unintact skin
Spilling samples

27. Biological Safety Hood
Function as a barrier in the laboratory to prevent the escape of biological aerosols into the lab environment; which is a safety hazard for laboratory personnel
A biosafety cabinet (BSC) is not chemical fume hood. Fume hoods are designed to remove chemical fumes and aerosols away from the work area. BSCs are designed to provide both a clean work environment and protection for employees who work with biological hazards. BSCs use vertical laminar airflow to create a barrier to airborne particles, such as microorganisms. They use High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters to clean air going into the work area and out to the environment. T

28. Environmental cleaning
Ensure that the hospital has adequate procedures for the routine care, cleaning, and disinfection of environmental surfaces
Disinfection – wipe work surface area with a 10% chlorine beach solution before and after procedures and when deemed appropriate.

29. Reprocessing of Instruments/ Sterile Services
Ensure that reusable equipment is not used for the care of another patient until it has been cleaned and reprocessed appropriately.
Examples: scissors, centrifuge carriers should be disinfected

30. Proper Disposal of Sharps
Take care to prevent injuries when using needles, scalpels, and other sharp instruments and devices. • Manage health care waste properly to prevent exposures to infections, and toxic effects and injuries to health care personnel, waste handlers, and the community.

31. Spills in the Laboratory
PPE: gloves and lab coat
Absorb as much blood or body fluids with disposable towels before decontamination.
Clean the spill site with 1:10 chlorine bleach solution of all visible blood/body fluid.
Wipe down the spill site with bleach solution soaked disposable towels.
Place all disposable materials used to decontaminate and cleanup the spill in an appropriate biohazard waste receptacle.

32. Spills in the Laboratory
If nondisposable items were used or affected by the spill soak them overnight in a 10% chlorine bleach solution.
Rinse with water and methyl alcohol before use.
Glassware and supplies should be autoclaved or incinerated.

33. Proper sharps and disposal waste

34. Proper PPE Disposal Wash hands immediately after removal and disposal.
PPE may be discarded in regular trash unless saturated with blood or body fluids.
place saturated PPE in biohazard bag

35. Activities Practice donning and removing PPE
Gown
Gloves
Goggles
Mask
placs/ppe/6.html work through all the tabs, especially the assessment.