1. Islamic Empires
Chapter 2 Section pgs

2. Bell Work 09/21/07 1) Use your textbook to define the following words:
Caliph
Shiite
Sunni
sultan
2) Copy the main ideas:
Arabs spread Islam through teaching, conquest & trade
While Muslims split into 2 groups, the Arab Empire reached new heights
Turks & Moguls built Muslim empires in Asia, Africa & Europe

3. Quiz Corrections 1) A oasis – green area fed by underground water
2) B Quran – the holy book of Islam
3) E Muhammad – prophet & founder of Islam
4) D Madinah – “city of the prophet”
5) C Kaaba – low square building surrounded by statues
6) Early Arab organized into tribes
7) Largest & richest Arab trade city – Makkah or Mecca
8) Islam – “surrendering to the will of Allah”
9) Islamic state – gov’t that uses power to uphold religion of Islam
10) Belief in one god/same god

4. Read the passage to the left. Copy the question and all the answers
Read the passage to the left. Copy the question and all the answers. Then choose the best answer.
Bell Work #21, 09/20/07

5. Section 2 TIMELINE The First Four Caliphs 632-661 Capital City:
Madinah
Conquests:
Syria, Egypt, Persia, Southwest Asia
Most important ruler:
Ali,
Achievements:
Spread Islam, organized Navy, built roads, improved government
The First Four Caliphs

6. Umayyad Caliphs 661 - 750 Capital City: Damascus Conquests:
India, Afghanistan
Achievements:
Explored North Africa
Umayyad
Caliphs

7. Abbasid Caliphs 750 - 1258 How they came to power:
Persian Muslims rebelled & kicked out the Umayyads
Capital City:
Baghdad
Most Important Ruler:
Abu al-Abbas
Achievements:
trade, education, arts, literature, brought Persian influence to capital
Abbasid
Caliphs

8. Why did the Muslims spilt into 2 groups?
After Muhammad’s death, different groups had different ideas about who should rule the religion of Islam
Sunnis – outnumbered the Shiites & believed that the Umayyad dynasty were the rightful rulers.
Shiites – believed that Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law, should rule & that all future caliphs should be descended from Ali.

9. Why is Muslim Spain important?
Muslims carried their religion, culture & language as the Arab empire expanded.
Cities such as Cordoba, Spain became centers of Muslim culture.
Muslims in Spain influenced many philosophers from Christianity & Judaism during the Middle Ages

10. Who were the Sufis?
A group of Muslims who spread Islam by preaching
They spent their time praying & preaching
The Sufis won a lot of followers throughout the Arab Empire

11. What is a janissary?
Slaves soldiers who were loyal only to their sultan.
The salves were usually conquered Christians or Jews who became Muslim
Ottoman sultan created janissary armies to help maintain power over nobles & other rebellious groups

12. Seljuk Turks 1000s - 1258 How they came to power:
Hired as soliders; took power from Abbasids
Capital City:
Baghdad
Conquests:
Achievements:
ruled for over 200 years
Sultan – Seljuk ruler “holder of power”
Seljuk Turks
1000s

13. Ottoman Empire 1200s – 1900s Where did they come from: Turkey
Capital City:
Istanbul
Conquests:
Syria, Egypt, Palestein, North Africa
Greatest Ruler:
Sulieman I
Ottoman Empire
1200s – 1900s

14. Moguls 1500s – 1800s Where did they come from: India Capital City:
Delhi
Conquests:
Greatest Ruler:
Akbar
Mogul merchants brought paper, gunpowder & porcelain from China to India & throughout the Arab Empire
Moguls
1500s – 1800s

15. THINGS TO KNOW FOR THE QUIZ
Janissary (pg 188)
Slaves soldiers who were loyal only to the sultan
Capital of the Abbasids
Baghdad
Sultan
Holder of power; Seljuk leader
Sufis pg 184
Taught Islam & spent time praying
Caliph