2.  Topic  Direction  Claim  Universal Idea * These elements should seem similar to the thesis components (but now with a twist)!

3. To prove that success is measured by one’s ability to conquer, not in one’s ability to make peace, adventurous imagery, calculated diction, and a self-important point of view are used in John Smith’s autobiographical account—a testimony of “his own example, good words, and fair promises.”

4. Thesis To prove that success is measured by one’s ability to conquer, not in one’s ability to make peace, adventurous imagery, calculated diction, and a self-important point of view are used in John Smith’s autobiographical account—a testimony of “his own example, good words, and fair promises.” Topic Sentence Topic: adventurous imagery (This is the first direction.)

5. The “directions” of the topic sentence are the examples you are using as evidence. Adventurous imagery, such as Smith’s narrow escape from death... *Note: If you have more than one direction (example), ALL should be mentioned in the topic sentence.

6. Choose an appropriate verb that links what the directions do in relation to the universal idea. Adventurous imagery, such as Smith’s narrow escape from death, establishes...

7. Add the universal idea to the topic sentence. CAUTION: To keep the universal idea from becoming redundant throughout the essay, develop synonyms. Adventurous imagery, such as Smith’s narrow escape from death, establishes Smith’s success in conquering Powhatan’s animosity.