1. 1 Urban Education: Views from 3 Continents A Response Discussant: Prof. Yin Cheong CHENG President-elect, World Educational Research Association Vice-President (RD) & Chair Professor of Leadership & Change, Hong Kong Institute of Education WERA Symposium at ECER 2011 Confernce Berlin, 13-16 September 2011

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3. 1.Prof Aslam Fataar Social spatial analysis on changing school landscape in a post apartheid city- Cape Town /South Africa Mobility and subjectivities in schooling 2.Prof Ricardo Cuenca Trend analysis of demand and supply in public /private ed across in metropolitan Lima/ South America Growth of private ed & decline of public ed.: Future of public ed? 3.Prof Belmira Bueno Historical Perspective on Urban Education in Latin America Social and Political Factors, Longitudinally Past, Present & Future  Problems & Solutions in Developing Urban Education 3

4. Overall Observations 1.Different Perspectives: from 3 Continents (Latin America, South Africa, South America) with Different Cultural & Political Backgrounds 2.Different Approaches: (a) Historical Analysis, (b) Social-Spatial Analysis, (c)Trend Analysis of Demand and Supply 3.Different Targets: (a) Overall Development of Latin American Countries, (b) Changing School Landscape in A Post Apartheid City- Cape Town, (c) Trends of Private Ed/ Public Education in Lima 4

5. Shared Common Concerns Role: What are the key roles of urban education, in particular, public & private education? Development: What is happening to the development & management of urban education in a fast changing context? Challenges: What are the dilemmas, problems and challenges? How to solve them? For future? 5

6. Reflections in Local & Global Contexts 1. What are key +ve or –ve functions of urban education? a)Economic development, urbanization, industrialization & modernization,? b)Social equality, equity, mobility, & consolidation? c)Political socialization, democratization, & class gaps reduction? d)Cultural/ human capital building for future developments in globalization, localization, individualization & technology advancement? 6

7. 2. What are key features of provision & management of urban education ? A.Marketization, privatization, central planning? Parental choice? B.Provision of private and public schools in achieving the diverse functions of urban education? C.Decentralization, site-based management, quality assurance, accountability, & community participation? D.Diversification of education provision to multiple expectations? 7

8. 3. What challenges in reforming & developing urban education? 1.Inconsistencies between the expected multiple roles of urban education? across social classes? 8 Roles of Urban Education: a)Economic development, urbanization, industrialization & modernization, b)Social equality, equity, mobility, & consolidation c)Political socialization, democratization, & class gaps reduction d)Cultural capital building for future developments Inconsistencies & Dilemmas? Across social classes?

9. 2.Conflicts & interactions between the management means and the espoused aims of urban education? 9 Roles of Urban Education a) Economic development, urbanization, industrialization & modernization,? b) Social equality, equity, mobility, & consolidation? c) Political socialization, democratization, & class gaps reduction? d) Cultural/ capital building for future developments? Management Means of Urban Education A.Marketization, privatization or central planning B.Provision of private and public schools C.Decentralization, quality assurance, accountability, & community participation D.Diversification of education provision Conflicts? Interactions?

10. 3.Impacts of Globalization (incl. International Competitions) and Local Contexts (incl. social, political, economic factors, reform initiatives, etc. )  Features of Urban Education 10 Roles of Urban Education a) Economic development, urbanization, industrialization & modernization,? b) Social equality, equity, mobility, & consolidation? c) Political socialization, democratization, & class gaps reduction? d) Cultural/ capital building for future developments? Management Means of Urban Education A.Marketization, privatization or central planning B.Provision of private and public schools C.Decentralization, quality assurance, accountability, & community participation D.Diversification of education provision Conflicts? Interactions?