1. VERBS

2. Action Verbs
An action verb tells what action someone or something is performing.
Example:
Mother carries the platter.
The train chugged into the station.
I believe it will rain today.
Jolie remembered to bring her book.

3. Action Verbs Some actions, such as carries or chugged, can be seen.
Some actions, such as believes or remembered, cannot be seen.

4. Transitive Verbs Examples:
An action verb is transitive if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence. The receiver of the action is called the object of the verb.
Examples:
Mrs. Brown opened the door with great difficulty.
The bus suddenly hit a nearby tree.

5. Intransitive Verbs Examples:
An action verb is intransitive if there is no receiver of the action named in the sentence. An intransitive verb does not have an object.
Examples:
The class began.
The dog raced through the new gate.
The employees gathered in the conference room.

6. Linking Verbs
A linking verb is a verb that connects a subject with a word that describes or identifies it.
Examples:
Kevin was a Navy SEAL.
The winners were Tara and I.
We felt extremely tired after our flight.

7. Linking Verbs FORMS OF BE am can be has been are could be have been is
may be
had been
was
might be
could have been
were
must be
may have been
am being
shall be
might have been
are being
should be
must have been
is being
will be
shall have been
was being
would be
should have been
were being
will have been
would have been

8. Other Linking Verbs
Several other verbs also function as linking verbs. They connect the parts of a sentence below in the same way as the forms of be.
Example:
The teacher looked shocked.
Some verbs can be used either as linking verbs or action verbs.
The glass looked dirty. (Linking)
The host looked at the glass. (Action)

9. Other Linking Verbs OTHER LINKING VERBS appear look sound become
remain
stay
feel
seem
taste
grow
smell
turn

10. Four Principal Parts of Verbs
Verbs have different tenses to express time.
A verb has four principal parts:
the present
the present participle
the past
the past participle

11. Four Principal Parts of Verbs
The Four Principal Parts of Visit
PRESENT
PRESENT PARTICIPLE
PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
Visit
(am) visiting
Visited
(have) visited
The Present is the form of a verb that is listed in a dictionary.
The Present Participle is formed by adding -ing to the present form.
The Past and Past Participle of a regular verb are formed by adding –ed or –d to the present form.

12. Present & Past Participle
The Present Participle and the Past Participle must be combined with helping verbs before they can be used as verbs in sentences.
Present Participle:
Linking verb: am, was, is
Past Participle:
Linking verb: have, has, had

13. Future Tense A future-tense verb shows that an action will happen.
Present
Past
Future
bowl
bowled
will bowl
votes
voted
Will vote

14. Subject-Verb Agreement
The subject and verb in a sentence must agree in number.
In grammar, the concept of number is simple. The number of a word can be either singular or plural.
A singular word indicates one.
A plural word indicates more than one.
In English, only nouns, pronouns, and verbs have number.

15. Singular & Plural Subjects
canyon
Canyons
year
years
bus
buses
woman
women
leaf
leaves
knife
knives

16. Subject/Verb Agreement
Subjects and verbs must agree.
Use the singular form of a verb with a singular noun subject or with the pronoun subject he, she, or it.
Add s to the present form of most verbs to make the singular form.
Add es to the present form of verbs that end in sh, ch, s, ss, x, or z to make the singular form

17. Subject/Verb Agreement -Singular-
Subjects
Verbs
Sentences
Alison
addresses
Alison addresses the postcard.
milk
tastes
The milk tastes sour. he
fixes
He fixes radios in his workshop.
she
pitches
Usually she pitches in every game.

18. Subject/Verb Agreement
Subjects and verbs must agree.
Use the plural form of a verb with a plural noun subject or with the pronoun subject I, we, you, or they.
The plural form of the verb does not usually end in a single s.

19. Subject/Verb Agreement -Plural-
Subjects
Verbs
Sentences
musicians
practice
Dedicated musicians practice daily.
flowers
attract
Some flowers attract bees. I
avoid
I usually avoid skunks.
kangaroos
leap
Kangaroos leap high.

20. Subject/Verb Agreement Collective Nouns
Collective nouns name groups of people or things.
Collective nouns are challenging as subjects because they can take either singular or plural verbs.
The number of the verb depends on the meaning of the collective noun in the sentence.
Collective noun examples:
assembly, audience, class, club, troop, committee

21. Subject/Verb Agreement Collective Nouns
Use a singular verb with a collective noun acting as a single unit.
Use a plural verb when the individual members of the group are acting individually.
Singular
The committee votes on the topics.
Plural
The committee have split the responsibilities.
The garden club grows vegetable and flowers.
The garden club have chosen to plant tomatoes.

22. Subject/Verb Agreement Compound Subjects
A compound subject refers to two or more subjects that share a verb. Compound subjects are connected by conjunctions such as and, or, or nor.
A number of rules can help you choose the right verb to use with a compound subject.

23. Subject/Verb Agreement Compound Subjects
When a compound subject is connected by and, the verb that follows is usually plural.
Example: Ali and Carly are taking Spanish.
When two singular subjects are joined by or or nor, use a singular verb.
Example: A bus or a subway provides good transportation to the city.
When two plural subject are joined by or or nor, use a plural verb.
Example: Neither children nor adults like to be told what to do.

24. Subject/Verb Agreement Compound Subjects
When a compound subject is made up of one singular and one plural subject joined by or or nor, the verb agrees with the subject closer to it.
Example: Either the monuments or the White House is closed to visitors today.
Example: Either the White House or the monuments are closed to visitors today.