1. Human Centred Design of a smart phone alert application for drivers Annie Pauzié, Ifsttar/LESCOT, France annie.pauzie@ifsttar.fr

2. Nomadic devices: some statistics about smart phones Smart phone market grew 54.7% year over year (2011) corresponding to an increase access to sophisticated services such as internet and geolocation Over 300,000 mobile applications have been developed in the last three years February 2012: 50 % of US mobile subscribers owned a smartphone

3. Nomadic devices: some statistics about smart phones annie.pauzie@ifsttar.fr Smart phone market grew 54.7% year over year corresponding to an increase access to sophisticated services such as internet and geolocation

4. Smart phone audience by age group in 2012 annie.pauzie@ifsttar.fr Use of mobile phone is growing among seniors, since 2000, with differences between countries

5. Nomadic eco-driving systems supporting the driver for eco-driving not connected to the vehicle « encouraging » the driver to take public transport thanks to precise information about parking location and availability, in addition to time table of bus/metro « encouraging » the driver or the traveller to use self service bicycle thanks to real time information about station location and availability Setting easy and secure “ride sharing” services to federate trips between drivers and travellers

6. Support the driver for eco-driving Smartphone application giving real time feedback to the driver

7. Social networking Definition and issues annie.pauzie@ifsttar.fr Definition of Social Networking: web applications created by individuals or organisations on a commercially-provided Internet ‘platform’, usually delivered to the user for free or for low fee, in order to interact with others through a virtual ‘community’. Community self-selecting: individuals apply to join and to link up with others on a voluntary base with the issues of degree of “trust” or “reliability” of members of a particular virtual community. Examples supporting sustainable transport Real time information of traffic event Instant ride-sharing

8. Instant ridesharing Smartphone technology enables dynamic ride- sharing systems that bring together people with similar itineraries and time schedules to share rides on short-notice Objective of application: setting easy and secure “ride sharing” services to federate these trips between drivers and travellers

9. Several mobile applications of ridesharing planned in advance ridesharing instant ridesharing (automatic updating of ridesharing offers all along drivers routes) mixing navigation and integrated billing system. Ridesharing service

10. Method of human centred design processes for interactive system (ISO norm 13407)

11. Great improvement of technology and design for mobile phone Evolution of the screen size through the successive generations of mobile phones. Evolution of HMI mobile phone

12. Design of nomadic device: a challenge As a mobile device carried out everywhere, the design has to match with a great variability of contexts, including only one hand use in some cases The users population, age and cultural background is highly diversified Interaction with the mobile has to be enough intuitive and user friendly that it did not require any training Mobile has small size screen and mirror like reflection with consequences on poor legibility of display Inputs are challenged by the small size of the buttons and/or the sensitivity (too much or not enough) of the tactile screen 16% had difficulty reading something on their phone because the screen was too small 10% had difficulty entering a lot of text on their phone (Survey in April 26 to May 22, 2011 among a nationally-representative sample of Americans)

13. Real time information of traffic event annie.pauzie@ifsttar.fr Information on real time of location of danger/risky zones identified by community members: potential to avoid traffic jams and to optimise the trip –Several applications available in Europe and US Members of the community can have the following involvement: –Inform on real time the community manager system about a road event –Qualify the type of road event following the request of the community manager system –Validate if the road event is still there

14. General principle of “driver-generated content” for road alerts information annie.pauzie@ifsttar.fr

15. Participation to the community by drivers’ age

16. « Road safety » is a motivation more and more important while aging « Quality of transmitted information » is the major motivation for younger Motivation of participation to the community by drivers’ age

17. Drivers’ evaluation of reliability for the road alert information by sources of information Mobile services are considered as the more reliable source for road alert information than any other (radio, VMS,…)

18. Conclusion Nomadic devices potentially great support of drivers’ changes toward more sustainable transport behaviour (ridesharing, ecodriving, traffic and road alert information via social community,…) Nomadic devices potentially critical in terms of road safety (increase use while driving, distraction) – Understanding of nomadic usability, taking into account elderly and novices users – Setting up design criteria and recommendations to support design process of developers

19. Thank you