2. Ancient Dreamers Leonardo da Vinci Italian artist and scientist (1452-1519) gathered data on the flight of birds and developed concepts of the propeller, the parachute, and heavier-than-air craft.

3. THE FOUR FORCES OF FLIGHT The four forces act on the airplane in flight and also work against each other.

4. The earth’s gravity pulls down on objects and gives them weight.

5. Air and motion. How do we explain lift? Newton’s Laws of Motion and Bernoulli’s Principle are used to explain lift.

6. Newton’s Second Law: force causes a change in velocity which in turn generates another force. Newton’s Third Law: net flow of air is turned down resulting in an ‘equal and opposite’ upward force.

7. Newton’s Third Law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

8. Pitch Around the Lateral Axis

9. The ELEVATOR controls PITCH. On the horizontal tail surface, the elevator tilts up or down, decreasing or increasing lift on the tail. This tilts the nose of the airplane up and down. Elevator Controls Pitch

11. Roll Around Longitudinal Axis

12. Ailerons Control Roll The AILERONS control ROLL. On the outer rear edge of each wing, the two ailerons move in opposite directions, up and down, decreasing lift on one wing while increasing it on the other. This causes the airplane to roll to the left or right.

14. Yaw Around the vertical Axis

15. The RUDDER controls YAW. On the vertical tail fin, the rudder swivels from side to side, pushing the tail in a left or right direction. A pilot usually uses the rudder along with the ailerons to turn the airplane. Rudder Controls Yaw

17. Hold two sheets of paper together, as shown here, and blow between them. No matter how hard you blow, you cannot push them more than a little bit apart!

18. What does a wing work? Bernoulli's Principle: slower moving air below the wing creates greater pressure and pushes up.

19. A wing creates lift due to a combination of Bernoulli’s Principle & Newton’s Third Law

20. Bernoulli’s Principle According to Bernoulli’s Principle, as the velocity of a fluid increases the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases.

22. For an airplane to speed up while flying, thrust must be greater than drag. For an airplane to take off, lift must be greater than weight.

23. WE AREN’T BUILT TO FLY..