1. ARABIA MARTÍNEZ SEGUÍ

2.  Background  Grammar  Vocabulary  Phonetics  Test

3.  Scotland is part of United Kingdom  The money used is called the sterling pound  The population of Scotland is 4.996.000

4.  Edinburgh  Glasgow  Aberdeen

5.  Scottish English: varieties of English spoken in Scotland ◦ Gaelic is an ancient language of Scotland ◦ Most of the Gaelic speaking-people live in the north-west

6.  Union of the Crowns (1603)  Union of the Parliaments (1707)  Steady decline of Scots begins in 16th century, by the end of the 17th century  English has gained considerable influence in Scotland  English learned formally in Highlands and northern and western

9.  Will instead of shall. Ex: Will I see you after?  Passive expressed by “get” Ex: I got told off  Verbs of motion may be elided before adverbs of motion Ex: I’ll away home then; the cat wants out.  “Have” behave more like an auxiliary Ex: he’d a good time

10.  “Need to”, “use to” and “dare to” are used as main verbs. Ex: he didn’t need to do that; he doesn’t dare to talk  Perfect aspect of a verb is indicated using “be” as auxiliary with the preposition “after” Ex: “he is after going” instead of “ he had gone”  Some verbs are used progressively. Ex: I was hoping to see him or they were meaning to come

11.  Pronouns in –self may be used non- reflexively Ex: How’s yourself today?  Anybody, everybody, nobody, somebody are preferred to anyone, everyone, no one, someone.  Amn’t I? is used virtuarlly to the exclusion of aren’t I? Ex: I’m expected too, amn’t I?

12.  The use of “not” rather than “n’t” Ex: he’ll not come; you’re not wanted.  The adverbial particle follows the verb Ex: he turned out the light  Use of participle after “need” Ex: My car needs washed

14.  Dinnae= Don’t  Aye= yes  Brae= hill  Wee = small  To mind= to remember  Dram= drink  Gate= road  Nippin’ = nagging  Paddock = frog  Canny = careful  Kirk= church  Kilt = Scottish Skirt  Lassies = girls

15.  How are you keeping ? = how are you?  That’s me away = I’m going now  The back of nine o’ clock = soon after nine o’ clock  I’ve got the cold = a cold

16. Vowels and consonants

17.  Strongly rhotic (trilled alveolar /r/ or alveolar tap / R /)  Monophthongized diphthongs: ◦ RP/ə U / as /o/ (“go” /go/); ◦ RP /ε I / as /e/ (“play” /ple/); ◦ RP /aU/ as /u:/ (“house” /hu:s/)  Unstressed vowels often realized as /I/ where RP has /ə/ ◦ “pilot” as /p ʌ ilIt /,“letter” as /lEtIr/

18.  /u:/ and /U /, e.g. “pool” and “pull” are homophones  / ɔ / and / ɒ / merged to / ɔ / such that “cot” and “caught” are homophones

19.  / I / and / ʌ / are always short  RP diphthong / AI / becomes longer. e.g., in “tied”, “high”, “prize”.  Non-initial /t/ often replaced by / ʔ / (“butter” /b ʌʔ Ir/), use decreases in higher social classes

20.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDJflQfNUE8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDJflQfNUE8

21.  Which is the second largest city of Scotland? a)Aberdeen b)Glasgow c)Edinburgh  When did the Union of the Parliaments happen? a)1607 b)1807 c)1707  Which is a national symbol of Scotland? a)Sunflower b)Thistle c)Rose

22.  In Scottish English, “have” could be…. a)A modal b)An auxiliar c)Both of them  Perfect aspect of a verb is indicated using “be” as auxiliary with the preposition… a)Before b)After c)At

23.  What does “wee” mean? a)Small b)Big c)Cold  What does “kilt” mean? a)Church b)Scottish skirt c)Trousers  In Scottish English, which are homophones? a)/u:/ and / U / b)/ U/ and /I/ c)/ U/ and /A/

24.  /I / and /ʌ/ are always… a)Homophones b)Long c)Short  When does Scottish use glottal stop? a)Consonant “t” b)Consonant “d” c)Consonant “k”