1. Chivalry & Coat of Arms

2. I.Knights/Nobles – fought with each other for control of land

3. 1. Chivalry – began around 1100. Code of behavior for knights/nobles which stressed loyalty, bravery and courage Similar to Bushido

4. A. Noble boys would begin training to become a knight at a very early age:

5. Age 7 = Page

6. Age 14 = Squire

7. Age 21 = Knight

8. Knights – pgs. 328-330 Samurai – pgs. 306-307

9. What did a knight wear?  Chain mail – clothing made of tiny metal rings that protected against swords. It weighed about 20 – 25 lbs.  Armor – iron or steal plate. It weighed 50-60 lbs.  Helmet – Weighed 5-6 lbs.  Coat of Arms – a shield with a unique design that helped identify him in the battle

11. A.Set of rules for knight to follow which demanded a knight fight for THREE masters: 1. Feudal Lord 2. Christian Lord =God 3. His Chosen Lady

12. 3.Courtly Love – romantic love became popular. A knight’s duty to his lady became as important as his duty to his lord.

13. 4. Tournaments – combined combat training with fun and sport through mock battles and military games

15. a. Knights compete in jousts using lances

19. II. Castles: 1. The home of the lord and lady, their family, knights and other men at arms and servants

20. 2. A fortress design ed for defens e

21. Motte and Bailey Castles

22. Carcassone, France

23. III.Role of Women – women’s status declined throughout the Middle Ages

24. 1.Women were limited to the home or the convent a. Could not receive land b. Held less property c. Fiefs were passed from father to son, NOT daughters

25. 2. Noblewomen – took control of husband’s estate while he was absent

26. A.They frequently played a crucial role in defending estates/castles in their husbands absence acting as military commander and warrior

27. Coat of Arms  A Coat of Arms is used to represent a person or a group of people, such as a family. Coats of arms are created using a number of elements that tell a story and/or describe a history.

28. Colors and Their Meanings Heraldic Colors: Yellow or Gold - Generosity White or Silver - Peace & Sincerity Black - Constancy (& sometimes Grief) Blue - Loyalty & Truthfulness Red - Military Fortitude & Bravery Green - Hope, Joy & sometimes Loyalty Purple - Royal Majesty, Sovereignty & Justice

29. Animals (charges) Heraldic Animals: Bear - Protectiveness Bee - Industriousness Camel - Perseverance Dog - Loyalty Double Eagle & Eagle - Leadership & Decisiveness Dragon - Defender of Treasure Falcon or Hawk - Eagerness Fox - Cleverness Griffin (part eagle, part lion) - Bravery Horse - Readiness to Serve Lion - Courage Pelican - Generosity & Devotion Raven - Constancy Snake - Ambition Stag, Elk or Deer - Peace & Harmony Tiger - Fierceness & Valor Unicorn - Extreme courage Wolf - Constant Vigilance

30. Symbols Heraldic Symbols: Axe - Dutiful Bridge - (signifies a governor or magistrate) Crescent - Enlightenment Crosses - Christian sentiments Crown - Authority Fire - Zeal Flaming Heart - Passion Fleur-de-lys (stylized Iris flower) - Purity (associated with France) Hand - Faith, Sincerity & Justice Heart - Sincerity Horns & Antlers - Fortitude Lightning - Decisiveness Moon - Serenity Oyster Shell - Traveler Ring - Fidelity Scepter - Justice Star - Nobility Sun - Glory Sword - Warlike Tower or Castle - Fortitude & Protectiveness

31. Other Design Options Common Design Features (heraldic terminology): Bend - a diagonal stripe Chevron - an upside-down "V" Chief - broad stripe across top of shield Dexter - the right-hand side of the shield (from its user's perspective) Ermine - a white fur pattern (with black tail tips) Fess - broad horizontal stripe through center Pale - broad vertical stripe through center Passant - an animal shown walking Rampant - an animal standing on hind legs Sinister - the left-hand side of the shield (from its user's perspective)

32. Example Coats of arms

33. Example Coat of Arms

35. Design a Coat of Arms Step 1. Chose how to divide your shield

36. Step 2: Pick a charge  The charge is located at the top of the shield. A knight might select a certain animal for his charge because of its perceived characteristics: strength, cunning, speed, size, etc. What animal would you pick that is unique to you?

37. Common charges Domestic Cat Dog Lion Ox Horse Wild Lion Snake Tiger Eagle Bear Ape Monkey Mythological Griffin Phoenix Dragon Unicorn Centaur Strength Brick wall Oak Tree Crown Arrows Other symbols-what could they mean? AngelsFlowersShips HeartsStarsMoon FireAxeKeys LightningSunHelmets

38. Step 3: Choose a color(s) for your shield The colors you select for your shield have a meaning of their own. What are some colors that say bravery, valor, and strength? Which colors identify you?