1. 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 Community Ecology Terrestrial Biomes (1) Terrestrial Biomes (2) Aquatic Ecosystems Actual Test Questions

2. Any abiotic factor or biotic factor that restricts the numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms

3. Limiting Factor

4. The orderly and predictable change that takes place after a community of organisms has been removed but the soil has remained intact

5. Secondary Succession

6. The stable, mature community that results when there is little change in the number of species

7. Climax Community

8. The ability of any organism to survive when subjected to abiotic factors or biotic factors

9. Tolerance

10. The establishment of a community in an area of exposed rock that does not have any topsoil

11. Primary Succession

12. The distance of any point on the surface of Earth north or south from the equator

13. Latitude

14. The average weather conditions in an area, including temperature and precipitation

15. Climate

16. Average Precipitation: 25-43 cm/yr; Temperature range: 10 o C – 40 o C; Geographic location: surrounds the Mediterranean Sea, western coast of North and South America, South Africa, and Australia; Abiotic Factors: summers very hot and dry, winters are cool and wet

17. Temperate Woodland and Shrubland

18. Average Precipitation: 15-26 cm/yr; Temperature range:high 20 o C – 49 o C, low: 2 o C – 26 o C ; Geographic location: every continent except Europe; Abiotic Factors: varying temperatures, low rainfall

19. Desert

20. Average Precipitation: 38-51 cm/yr; Temperature range: -68 o C – 32 o C; Geographic location: Northern part of North America, Europe, and Asia; Abiotic Factors: summers are short and moist, winters are long, cold, and dry

21. Boreal Forest

22. Average Precipitation: 75-150 cm/yr; Temperature range: -30 o C – 30 o C; Geographic location: South of the boreal forests in eastern North America, eastern Asia, and Europe; Abiotic Factors: well-defined seasons, summers are hot, winters are cold

23. Temperate Forest

24. Average Precipitation: 50-89 cm/yr; Temperature range: -40 o C – 38 o C; Geographic location: North America, South America, Asia, Africa, and Australia; Abiotic Factors: summers are hot, winters are cold, moderate rainfall, fires possible

25. Temperate Grassland

26. Average Precipitation: 50-150 cm/yr; Temperature range: 24 o C – 49 o C; Geographic location: Africa, South America, and Australia; Abiotic Factors: summers are hot and rainy, winters are cool and dry

27. Tropical Savanna

28. Average Precipitation: 125-660 cm/yr; Temperature range: 20 o C – 34 o C; Geographic location: Central and South America, southeastern Asia, western Africa, and northeastern Australia; Abiotic Factors: humid all year, hot and wet

29. Tropical Rainforest

30. Average Precipitation: 130-180 cm/yr; Temperature range: 20 o C – 25 o C; Geographic location: Africa, Asia, Australia, and Central America; Abiotic Factors: rainfall is seasonal

31. Tropical Seasonal Forest

32. The area closest to the shore in a lake with many different types of organisms

33. Littoral Zone

34. The deepest areas of a large lake which is much colder and lower in oxygen than the other two zones

35. Profundal Zone

36. An ecosystem that is formed where a freshwater river or stream merges with the ocean

37. Estuary

38. The area along the ocean floor that consists of sand, silt, and dead organisms

39. Benthic Zone

40. The deepest region of the ocean with very cold water

41. Abyssal Zone

42. A student notices that her guppies reproduce most when her fish tank water is slightly alkaline. They stop reproducing if the water becomes acidic or if the water becomes too alkaline. This is an example of ___ a. secondary succession b. zones of tolerance c. communities d. intertidal zones

43. b. zones of tolerance

44. What single feature is primarily responsible for the variation of climate in different parts of the world? a. intensity of wind b. angle of incoming sunlight c. length of daylight d. amount of precipitation

45. b. angle of incoming sunlight

46. Which of these species would you classify as a profundal zone organism? a. frog b. plankton c. crayfish d. floating water plants

47. c. crayfish

48. Which of these species might be classified as a pioneer species? a. ponderosa pine b. choke cherry c. aspen d. lichen

49. d. lichen

50. In a climax community there is very little change in the number of ________________

51. Species