1. Aida Rogonich, Cristina Botello, Jacqueline Enriquez, Sarah Wolberg, Takira

2.  Glycolysis is the breaking of a carbohydrate into two pyruvates  Occurs in the cytoplasm of cells  No oxygen needed.

3.  2 PGAL’s (Phosphoglyceraldehyde - 3Carbon molecules) are formed from the breaking down of glucose (6C)  Two ATP's are required

6.  2 pyruvates are created from 2 PGAL's (3C)  Producing 4 ATP's and 2 NADH's  Net production = 2ATP’s and 3 NADH’s

7. WHERE DOES IT OCCUR?  No oxygen is used  2 Acetaldehyde is reduced by NADH to ethanol  Regenerating supply of NAD+  Carbon dioxide may be realeased  Glycolysis continues IN THE CYTOSOL OF YEAST!

8.  When the first step occurs and 2 acetaldehyde is formed, 2 CO ₂ is released  Then acetaldehyde accepts hydrogen and electrons from the 2 NADH formed through Glycolysis  With the combining of e-, H+, and 2 acetaldehyde, 2 NAD+ is regenerated and 2ethanol is created

9. ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION:  Glucose + 2 ADP + 2 Pі  2 ethanol + 2 CO ₂ + 2 ATP + 2 H ₂ O OR  C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆  2 C ₂ H ₅ OH + 2 CO 2 LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION:  Glucose + 2 ADP + 2 Pi  2 lactate + ATP + 2 H ₂ O

11.  Fermented vegetables  Pickles!  The sugars in the pickles are converted to lactic acid, preserving the pickle  Lactobacillus bulgaricus – a bacteria  Yogurt  Lactose is fermented by the bacteria to lactic acid, which both thickens the yogurt and restricts the growth of bacteria that poisons the food  Humans  during anaerobic exercise  lactic acid is fermented in muscles where oxygen is depleted  makes muscles burn

12.  http://www.icr.org/article/172/ http://www.icr.org/article/172/  http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/medi a/ch06/fermentation.swf http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/medi a/ch06/fermentation.swf  http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/255/255 atp/mcb8.5.fermentation.jpg http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/255/255 atp/mcb8.5.fermentation.jpg