1. Making ATP without oxygen This is the chemical reaction that we were talking about that happens in the cytoplasm

2. Glucose is the food molecule all this starts with The bond energy in glucose is what the cell is going to use Catabolism is the breakdown of glucose in small steps

3. Glycolysis (starting to use glucose) Reactions take place in the cytoplasm Cells uses 2 ATP to break the C6 into two C3-P These are converted into 2 pyruvic acids which uses 2 NAD and produces 4 ATP and 2 NADH Net gain of 2 ATP for every glucose Glycolysis stops if NAD is not regenerated from NADH

4. Fermentation is a good thing The process of regeneration of NAD is called fermentation Two kinds of fermentation Lactic acid fermentation Alcohol fermentation

5. Lactic acid fermentation Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid and regenerates NAD We force our muscle cells to do fermentation when we exercise because oxygen cannot get to the cells fast enough, lactic acid is what makes the cramps and stinging in muscles in exercise

6. Alcohol fermentation In yeast Pyruvic acid converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide