1. EXPLORATION, DISCOVERY AND SETTLEMENT 1492-1700 “ Thus, out of small beginnings greater things have been produced…so as one small candle may light a thousand, so the light here kindled hath shone unto many…”

2. Europe Moves to Expansion Improvements in Technology  The Renaissance led to an explosion of new technology that made distance travel an option Religious Conflict  The Catholic Church took hold in Spain and began an aggressive exporting  The Protestant Revolt in North Europe led pilgrims to seek freedom of worship  Each group wanted its own Christianity to be dominant Expanding Trade  This provides an economic motive for expansion  The land route to Asia had been made dangerous by the emergence of the Ottoman Turks Developing States  These nations that developed began to gather the vast resources needed to finance the trips of exploration

3. Columbus As we know, Columbus did not “discover” America Columbus did have a great impact on the world His legacy is the opening of the “new world” to trade and exploitation by Europeans. Spain and Portugal were the pre-eminent naval powers of the time They felt a right and a duty to spread Catholicism to the new world and to exploit its resources

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5. Early English Settlement Early Problems in Jamestown: Disease Swampy land Indian attacks Poor leadership and focus

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7. Jamestown How did it survive? John Smith Tobacco The colony of Virginia came under control of the British monarchy as the Virginia Company went bankrupt

8. The Puritans The Plymouth Colony The Puritans wanted to remove all vestiges of Catholicism from the Anglican Church (Church of England) The Pilgrims established the Plymouth colony as a place to practice the Puritan religion They were NOT tolerant of other religions!! In a view of things to come in New England, fish, fur and lumber become economic staples Massachusetts Bay Colony In 1629 a new group of Puritans gained a royal charter for a new colony Just one year later, a wave of new Puritan immigrants, including John Winthrop, came to the New World This was known as the Great Migration Most were seeking freedom or fleeing the civil war in England

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10. The Baby Steps to Democracy!! Early Political Institutions Majority Rule  Took the form of the Mayflower Compact Representative Government at Jamestown  The establishment of the House of Burgesses Representative Government in Massachusetts  Members of the Puritan Church  The town hall meeting Limited Democracy:  Only white male landowners were generally allowed to participate in the political process

11. Native Americans Spanish Policies: Conquest, disease and conversion A class system developed w/ the Spanish at the top English Policies: Initially, trade and coexistence English had limited respect for the N.A. culture French Policies: The French generally supported the Native populations in the North This was to maintain control of the fur trade