1. RC (UK) Podstawowe czynności resuscytacyjne BLS

2. RC (UK) Cel Zrozumieć: Zagrożenia dla ratownika Jak przeprowadzić BLS Różnice pomiędzy BLS przeprowadzanym przez osoby niefachowe i personel medyczny

3. RC (UK) Risks to the rescuer Eliminate or minimise risk Manual Handling Beware of environmental danger: –traffic –electricity –gas –water

4. RC (UK) Risks to the rescuer: poisoning Hydrogen cyanide or hydrogen sulphide gas –mask and non-return Corrosive chemicals –absorbed through skin and respiratory tract –protective clothing

5. RC (UK) 15 documented cases of CPR related infection - mainly Neisseria meningitidis Tuberculosis Not hepatitis B or C, or CMV 3 cases of HIV transmission from high-risk cutaneous exposure Risks to the rescuer: infection

6. RC (UK) Gloves and eye protection Sharps box Face-mask with one-way valves Manikins –clean regularly Risks to the rescuer: precautions against infection

7. RC (UK) Assessment Ensure safety of rescuer and victim

8. RC (UK) Shake and Shout

9. RC (UK) Is the victim responsive? YES Check for injuries Reassess Get help

10. RC (UK) Is the victim responsive? NO Shout for help Open their airway Check for breathing

11. RC (UK) Opening the airway Head tilt Chin lift If cervical spine injury suspected: – jaw thrust

12. RC (UK) Assess Breathing Look for chest movement Listen for breath sounds Feel for expired air Assess for 10 seconds before deciding breathing is absent

13. RC (UK) Is the victim breathing? YES If safe, use recovery position Telephone for help Reassess at intervals

14. RC (UK) Recovery Position 1st Stage

15. RC (UK) Recovery Position 2nd Stage

16. RC (UK) Recovery Position 3rd Stage

17. RC (UK) Recovery Position 4th Stage

18. RC (UK) Is the victim breathing? NO Telephone for help Give two slow effective rescue breaths Make up to 5 attempts

19. RC (UK) Rescue breathing (Expired air ventilation) Occlude victim’s nose Maintain chin lift Take a deep breath Ensure a good mouth-to-mouth seal

20. RC (UK) Rescue breathing (Expired air ventilation) Blow steadily (2 sec) into victim’s mouth Watch for chest rise Maintain chin lift, remove mouth Watch chest fall

21. RC (UK) Watch for chest fall

22. RC (UK) Finger sweep

23. RC (UK) Assess Circulation Look, listen and feel for normal breathing, coughing, or movement by the victim Check the carotid pulse (if trained) Take no more than 10 seconds

24. RC (UK) Is a circulation present? YES Continue with rescue breathing Reassess for signs of a circulation about every minute

25. RC (UK) Is a circulation present? NO Start chest compressions Continue with rescue breathing

26. RC (UK) Identify costal margin

27. RC (UK) Identify xiphisternum

28. RC (UK) Identify hand position on sternum

29. RC (UK) Chest compressions: Depress sternum 4-5 cm Rate: 100 per minute

30. RC (UK) Chest compressions

31. RC (UK) One Person CPR

32. RC (UK) Chest compression: breath ratio 15 compressions : 2 breaths for – 1-person CPR – 2-person CPR

33. RC (UK) When to go for help? Go for help immediately: More than one rescuer Single rescuer: –adult with cardiac problem, once established that patient not breathing CPR for 1 minute first: Trauma Drowning Drug or alcohol intoxication Infant or child

34. RC (UK) Continue resuscitation until: Qualified help arrives and takes over The victim shows signs of life You become exhausted

35. RC (UK) Mouth-to-nose ventilation If mouth-to-mouth technically difficult If mouth seriously injured Rescue from water Resuscitation carried out by a child Aesthetic reasons

36. RC (UK) Compression-only CPR Reluctance to perform mouth-to- mouth ventilation Chest compression alone better than no CPR If possible combine with head tilt Appropriate for telephone-CPR

37. RC (UK) Cervical spine injury? If possible, maintain alignment of head, neck and chest Minimum head tilt only Jaw thrust preferable Assistance often required

38. RC (UK) Choking: Back Blows

39. RC (UK) Abdominal Thrusts

40. RC (UK) In-hospital Basic Life Support Patient Collapsed Shout for HELP and assess responsiveness Not responsiveResponsive Call cardiac arrest team / Get defibrillator Start BLS if defibrillator not immediately available Call for medical assistance Definite Pulse and Breathing Present? Apply pads / monitor Defibrillate if appropriate Ventilate with oxygen Chest compressions ALS on arrival of Cardiac Arrest Team Airway manoeuvres Oxygen, monitor, i.v. Find notes Prepare handover Yes No

41. RC (UK) Any Questions?

42. RC (UK) Summary ABC of basic life support – rescue breathing – chest compressions – modifications