1. Muscular System 600 Muscles

2. 3 Types of Muscles
Smooth Muscles- Which include the muscles of internal organs and blood vessels. These muscles move involuntary.
Cardiac Muscle- Found only in the heart and also involuntary.
Skeletal Muscles- Are voluntary and help you move.

3. 3 Types of Muscles

4. Anatomy of a Muscle Cell

5. Naming Skeletal Muscles

6. Direction of Muscle Fibers
Relative to the Midline
RECTUS = parallel to
the midline
Rectus Abdominus
TRANSVERSE =
perpendicular to midline
Transverse Abdominus
OBLIQUE = diagonal to
midline
External Oblique

7. Location Structure near which muscle is found
FRONTALIS = near FRONTAL bone
OCCIPITALIS = near OCCIPITAL bone

8. Size Relative Size of Muscle MAXIMUS = largest Gluteus Maximus
MEDIUS = middle
Gluteus Medius
MINIMUS = smallest
Gluteus Minimus
LONGUS = longest
Fibularis Longus
BREVIS = short
Fibularis Brevis
TERTIUS = shortest
Fibularis Tertius

9. Origin & Insertion Origin – attachment to an immoveable bone
Insertion – attachment to
a movable bone
ILIO COSTALIS= attaches to
the ilium & ribs (costal = ribs)

10. NAME ACTION EXAMPLE FLEXOR EXTENSOR ABDUCTOR ADDUCTOR LEVATOR
Decrease angle at a joint
Flexor Carpi Radialis
EXTENSOR
Increase angle at a joint
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
ABDUCTOR
Move bone away from midline
Abductor Pollicis Longus
ADDUCTOR
Move bone toward midline
Adductor Longus
LEVATOR
Produce upward movement
Levator Scapulae
DEPRESSOR
Produce downward movement
Depressor Labii Inferioris
SUPINATOR
Turn palm upward/anterior
Supinator
PRONATOR
Turn palm downward/posterior
Pronator Teres

11. Characteristics of Muscles
Muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber)
Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of microfilaments
All muscles share some terminology
Prefix myo refers to muscle
Prefix mys refers to muscle
Prefix sarco refers to flesh

12. Muscle Movement Involuntary- Automatically move without you knowing.
Voluntary- Brain sends message to muscle. You control the movements.

13. Muscle Movement
isometric contraction muscle contraction without appreciable shortening or change in distance between its origin and insertion.

14. Muscle Movement
isotonic contraction muscle contraction without appreciable change in the force of contraction; the distance between the muscle's origin and insertion becomes lessened.

15. Muscle Movement
Tonic-sustained muscular contraction without intervals of relaxation. (maintaining posture)

17. Head & Neck Muscles

18. Muscles of the Axial Skeleton

19. Posterior Muscles of Shoulder

20. Muscles in the back.

21. Muscles in the lower arm.

22. Muscles in the lower arm.

23. Muscles in the lower leg.

24. Muscles in the upper leg.

25. Muscles in the upper leg.

26. Muscles of the Wrist & Hand

27. Muscles Of Hip: Anterior Muscles and Anterior Thigh

28. Muscles of Anterior Thigh and Posterior Thigh

29. Muscles of the Lower Leg

30. Types Of Muscles
Smooth Muscle- Digestive organs, Makes up 7-8% of your muscles.
Involuntary

31. Types of Muscles cont. Cardiac Muscles- Only found in the heart.
Involuntary.
Makes up 3% of your muscles.
By age 70 heart contracts 2.5 billion times (assume resting heart beat).

32. Types of Muscles cont. Skeletal Muscles- Make up 90% of your muscles.
Voluntary- These are the muscles
that you can move.

33. Types of Injuries Strain- Muscle “pull” or “strain”
Tearing a muscle fiber(s), followed by bleeding or swelling of muscle
Muscle Cramp- Prolonged contraction of muscle, ion imbalance

34. Muscle Terms Flexion- Movement that reduces a joint angle
Extension- A movement that increases a joint angle

35. Body Movements
Flexing of the hamstring.

36. Body Movements cont.
Extension of the quadriceps.

37. Muscle Pairs
Your muscles work in teams to move your body. An example of this is your Bicep and Tricep.