1. Chapter 17: The West Between the Wars 1919 – 1939
Section 3: Hitler and Nazi Germany

2. Adolf Hitler as an infant
Hitler and His Views:
- Hitler was born in Austria, failed secondary school
and was rejected by the Vienna Academy of Fine
Arts
Adolf Hitler as an infant
Hitler as a young man

3. Sailboat at Sunset @1908 (9.0 cm by 14.0 cm)
                                
Sailboat at (9.0 cm by 14.0 cm)

4. Perchtoldsdorg Castle and Church (1910-1912) (28cm by 24cm)

5. Vienna Opera House 1911 (24.5cm by 30cm)

6. "Germania" (25.6cm by 45.2cm)

7. The Rotterdam Cathedral 1913 (31.6 x 42.1 cm)

8. Oedensplatz (19.0cm by 13.5cm)

9. The Basler Gate (32 cm by 46 cm) 1933
                               
The Basler Gate (32 cm by 46 cm) 1933

10. Sitting Room (25 cm by 34 cm) @1945

11. - While in Vienna, Hitler developed his ideology –
racism was at the core of his beliefs; he was an
extreme nationalist and understood the use of
propaganda and terror
Adolf Hitler in Munich, August 1914

12. A young Hitler (left) posing with other German soldiers.
Hitler served four years during WWI, then entered
politics in Germany. In 1919, he joined and eventually
controlled the National Socialist German Workers’
Party (Nazi Party)
A young Hitler (left) posing with other German soldiers.
Nazi Party Flag

13. Hitler, Ludendorf, and Others After the Beer Hall Putsch
1923, Hitler staged an uprising in Munich – the Beer
Hall Putsch – which was quickly crushed; Hitler was
sent to prison
Hitler, Ludendorf, and Others After the Beer Hall Putsch

14. Hitler at Landsberg Prison
Hitler's Cell at Landsberg Prison

15. While in prison, Hitler wrote, Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
– in it he outlines his basic ideas and plans
His ideas combined:
▪ German nationalism
▪ anti-Semitism
▪ anticommunism
▪ in the book he also embraced the notion that
stronger nations should expand to obtain living
space and that superior leaders should rule over
the masses

16. Rise of Nazism:
▪ Hitler realized that the way to power was through
legal means, therefore he worked to expand the Nazi
party throughout Germany; by 1929, the Nazi’s had
a national party organization and by 1931 was the
largest political party in the Reichstag.
▪ Germany’s economic problems helped the Nazi’s
come to power; many people were in desperate
situations, which made extreme parties popular;
Hitler appealed to national pride and militarism to
gain support

17. ▪ After 1930, the Reichstag lost power and Hitler
Victory of Nazism:
▪ After 1930, the Reichstag lost power and Hitler
gained power; industrial leaders aristocrats, military
officers, and high-level bureaucrats wanted Hitler to
lead the country
▪ 1933, the Nazis pressured
President Hindenburg to
allow Hitler to become
chancellor and create a new
government
Hitler is appointed chancellor by Hindenburg

18. ▪ March 1933, the Reichstag passed the Enabling
Act, which gave the government the power to
ignore the constitution and pass laws to deal with
the nation’s problems. The act gave Hitler a legal
basis to become a dictator appointed by the
Reichstag.
▪ Nazis established control; Jews were purged from
the civil service, trade unions were dissolved,
concentration camps set up for Nazi opponents,
and all political parties except the Nazis were
abolished; when Hindenburg died, the Nazis
abolished the presidency and Hitler became the
only leader known as the Fuhrer (leader)

19. Hitler as Chancellor of Germany (30 January 1933)
K. The Nazi State, :
Hitler’s goal was to develop an Aryan racial state to
dominate Europe and possibly the world; to reach
this goal Nazi’s used economic policies, mass rallies,
organizations, and terror; Hitler’s empire was called
the Third Reich
Hitler as Chancellor of Germany (30 January 1933)

20. Heinrich Himmler as Reichsfuehrer SS
- The State and Terror:
▪ While Hitler ruled absolutely
over the Nazi party, there
were internal struggles.
The SS or “Guard Squadrons”
were important for maintaining
order
▪ The SS controlled all the police
forces and was under the
direction of Heinrich Himmler;
Himmler’s goal was to further
the Aryan race; he used terror
tactics to achieve this goal
Heinrich Himmler as Reichsfuehrer SS

21. The army went from 100,000 in 1933, to 1.4 million in 1939.
- Economic Policies:
▪ Hitler put people back to work through public works
projects and grants to private construction
companies. He also started a massive rearmament
program; unemployment dropped; depression comes
to an end helping the Nazis be accepted by the
Germans
The army went from 100,000 in 1933, to 1.4 million in 1939.

22. ▪ Nazis believed women were to be wives and
- Women and Nazism:
▪ Nazis believed women were to be wives and
mothers; their role was to bear Aryan children; Nazis
also controlled the types of work women could do
and strongly encouraged them to stay at home
The League of German Girls was a compulsory youth organization for German girls formed in the early 1930s. The purpose of the organization, along with the Hitler Youth for boys, was to indoctrinate young people into the politics and culture of the Nazi Party.