1.  Body language  Made and given in class by students following: S. Basyrova, D.Gorislavko, D. Obukhova, V. Korkina, V. Strekalov, D. Bezhanidze, V. Chyorny, N. Kanev, A. Otchik, D. Iodchik, E. Bokova, E. Semyonova, N.Petukhova, A. Kostenko

3.  Sounds and intonation – 38 %  Words – 7%

5. Verbal communication  to pass information Non-verbal communication  to express attitudes towards this information

7.  watch a person’s behaviour, demonstrating non-verbal motions.  are eager to know how people behave in different situations and what gestures they use to express their feelings.

8.  Non-verbal aspects have been studied since the 60s of the 20th century.  Charlie Chaplin was a pioneer of the non-verbal communication and used postures to communicate from the screen.  Darwin created ‘ Emotional expressions shown by animals and people’ (1872)

9.  The conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated.

16.  Gestures that most people would understand. They stay the same for many years.  Gestures can show happiness, encouragement, anger, sadness, boredom, hope etc.  Some gestures are the same in America and Japan.  Some gestures mean something different in Japan than they do in America.

17.  Communication between people of different cultures is sometimes difficult. However, by watching gestures and facial expressions and listening carefully, even the most difficult ideas can be understood.  However, words and gestures rarely have completely fixed meanings. Gestures especially are very flexible and can mean a variety of different things.  Having contact with people from other cultures can help you to learn different gestures, and how to use them in many situations.  Learning the gestures of other cultures is really fun !

19. Drooping upper eyelids Losing focus in eyes Slight pulling down of lip corners

20. Nose wrinkling Upper lip raised

21. Eyebrows raised Eyes widened Mouth open

22. Crow’s feet wrinkles Pushed up cheeks Movement from muscle that orbits the eye Big smile

25. Laughing

26. Tread on air

27. Happiness is a mental or emotional state of well-being characterized by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

28. Smile is a well-known symbol of happiness

29. And cross their hands on stomach

35. Worry and nervousness When you are worried it's written on your face. You do not pay attention to your surroundings, preferring instead to pay attention to whatever it is on your mind. You tend to frown, fidget or rub your head. You also may drum your fingers, wring your hands a lot, bite nails or lick lips.

37.  squirming on the chair, holding elbows tightly to the body  adjusting a button or stud on the sleeve, arranging a bracelet or cuff  holding a bouquet of flowers, a handbag or a cup of tea with two hands  rubbing an ear

40.  Never show your fist with the middle finger extended. This is an insult. Shaking a closed fist at someone is also rude, especially if it is in their face, and is an expression of anger.

41. -downturned eyebrows - glaring eyes - narrowed lips

45. This men expresses the emotion of fear. The facial expression of fear has these distinctive features: Raised eyebrows, tensed lower eyelids, eyebrows drawn together, Lips stretched horizontally, Fear also often causes cold hands, deeper and more rapid breathing, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, sweating, dry mouth, and trembling or tightening of the muscles, especially in the arms and legs.

46. Physical Reactions: Fear causes a variety of reactions depending on the intensity, timing, and coping options available. The reactions include: Freezing in place and feeling terror if we can't do anything to avoid the immediate danger. Running or escaping from the immediate danger, Sharply focusing our attention and mobilizing us to act to reduce or eliminate the danger when we can take effective action to cope with the threat, or Panic, including shortness of breath, racing heartbeat, and the inability to focus on anything but worrying about the feared future event, Fighting to destroy the object of our fear.

47.  Thumbs up and thumbs down are often used as gestures of approval and disapproval.  When we feel deeply depressed we lower our head.  A teenager who leans back, spread his arms and smiles when being reprimanded undermines the authority of his elders and therefore shows them disrespect.  When we put our hands on the hips we grow bigger and therefore more dominant and threatening - we take more space!