1. Transnational Crime & Globalization

2. 5 Main Categories What is it? Organized Crime Counterfeit Goods Environmental Crime Human Trafficking Smuggling of Migrants  Categories not mutually exclusive ¤

3. Organized Crime 2 Kinds 1) Crime groups Mafia Cyberterrorists Pirates Counterfeiters Traffickers ¤

4. Organized Crime 2 Kinds 2) Illicit markets Consumer goods Drugs o Heroin, cocaine, etc. Firearms o Criminal, political Conflict goods o Diamonds, cocoa beans, ivory, etc. ¤

5. Counterfeit Goods 2 Types o Consumer goods Foods Electronics Perfumes o Medicines Issues: o Violate IPR o Can be dangerous ¤

6. Environmental Crime Resource trafficking o Timber o Wildlife Animal parts Live exotic animals Banned foods o Shark fins, frogs, etc. Illegal dumping o Hazardous waste o E-waste o Garbage ¤

7. Human Trafficking Slave labor Prostitution Indentured servants o Nannies, housekeepers, etc. ¤

8. Smuggling of Migrants For labor o Forced o Illegal immigrant labor Political refugees o Asylum seekers o Civil war migration ¤

9. Key UN Agencies Variety of Trafficking Issues UN Office on Drugs & Crime (UNODC) INTERPOL Human Trafficking UN Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking Int’l Labor Organization Int’l Org. for Migration Trafficking of Goods World Customs Organization World Intellectual Property Org. (WIPO) Convention on Int’l Trade in Endangered Species

10. GN Agencies EUROPOL EU Observatory on Counterfeiting & Piracy US State Dept.: Office to Monitor & Combat Trafficking in Persons UK Human Trafficking Centre ¤

11. Fighting Transnational Crime Why is fighting transnational crime so difficult? Agree on ‘crime’ Implement policy Monitor activities Enforcement o Coordination o Corruption o Who pays? Cost to GS countries o Infrastructure o Relocating to less regulated states ¤

12. Fighting Transnational Crime Dual-purpose goods o Illegal drugs  opium  morphine o Some are legal in home state Coca - Andes Guns Difficult to identify sources of goods o Elephant tusks Counter groups immerge o Disband one, another forms ‘Victimless crimes’ o DVD IPR warnings ¤

13. Fighting Transnational Crime Judicial review o Whose jurisdiction? o Where to imprison? Addressing root problems o Supply and demand o Wealth disparities o Addressing issues rather than fighting criminals War on drugs ¤

14. Recap 5 types of crimes Globalization facilitates crime IGOs Fighting crime: Int’l law issues