2. Liliana Miranda Sara Mg. Arch. Chance2sustain EU 7 th research Framework Cities for Life Forum lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe www.ciudad.org.pe Resilience to Climate Change: Territory and City Governance Lima and Arequipa, Peru

3. The current story

4. From ‘urban-scale planning’ to ‘mega project-based strategies’ The shift from Master Planning to Strategic Planning (fragmentation..)

5. 5 ACTION LINES 1.Campaign on Territorial Organization (C A21 & Sustainable Construction for all): Participation and leadership Consensus building, concertation & civic society participation Events, Foras, seminars, round tables, meetings (+ 9,000 participants from 20 peruvian cities) 2.Masters, post graduate courses, ToT, Virtual courses and capacity building and university curricula integration ( 192 Msc., 542 Postgraduated & 3 Phds) 3. Studies and Participatory Action Research: LiWa chance2sustain 4. Political incidence (city to national level and back) 5. Pilot projects, advisory and coaching

6. Social construction of Knowledge (action research), consensus building and dissemination: 17 books, manuals and handbooks. Web page (portal) www.ciudad.org.pe + 3,000 e.mail list weekly informed Bi annual Bulletin “Cities for Life” Opinion leaders in the field SOME RESULTS ACHIEVED SO FAR

7. Institutions and norms strengthened on Cities Agenda 21 + Urban Environmental + Risk Management + Sustainable Building Contributions with the approval of: 6 Laws (2 in course) 2 Ministerial Decrees (2 in course) + 15 Municipal Ordinances being implemented 22 Cities Agendas 21 approved (being implemented under participatory budgetting) SOME RESULTS ACHIEVED SO FAR

8. WATER RELATED IMPACTS AND RISKS TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN PERU  Peru is one of the 10 most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change (IPCC)  Relocation of 2 million people: climate relocation (floods, sea level rises, loss of livelihoods).  Reduction in availability of and access to water.  Reduced hydropower generation (68% of energy source in Peru).  Availability of water dependant on rain and groundwater (causing rationing during drought).  Increased conflicts over water use.  Meanwhile the water and energy demands increases (the population of Lima increases by 120,000 annually). Based in: Environmental Ministry of Peru (MINAM)

9. Climate change impacts on water availability Glaciers capacities represents 40% of the country’s water ‘stock’ - In 10 years time 40% of Peru’s glaciers will be gone….we will only depend of rain… Highly Possible Scenario Source: MINAM

10. 9 1997: 1595 km 2 glaciers 1989: 2042 km 2 glaciers Adapted from: Ministry MVCS, Peru Peru: 5 % of world’s fresh water ressources Glaciers are melting Arequipa Lima

11. Lima accounts for: 8 million inhabitants 2.1 % Growth rate 28% ….. Of national population 45 %......GNP 56 %......National Industrial GP 84 %.....Tax collection 52 %.....Urban poor (nat.) AREQUIPA 700,000 inhabitants + 2 % Growth rate Richest consume: 250 lts/per/day Poorest (not connected): 25 lts/per/day (paying 10 times more)

12. SUSTAINABILITY AND GOVERNANCE IN TERRITORY AND CITY INTERACCIONS City quality environment (Brown) City as part of a wider ecosystem: (Territory) New actors are needed to sustainably manage these interactions (Governance) Nature inside and around the city (Green)

13. CITY WATER (RISK) GOVERNANCE Building Resilience Capacities City for Life + Risk Governance + Water Public Management “The integration, in the territory and the city, of water related risks to climate change to contribute to their Sustainability and Governance” The final purpose: How (and with whom) to develop an integrated and equitable City Water (risk) Policy and Governance Strategy? To clarify who (and how) decides what and where, and Which resilient capacities should be enhanced in order to be able to implement it

14. MULTI LEVEL GOVERNANCE: NATIONAL LEVEL Policies, norms and regulations CITY LEVEL Lima, Arequipa Participatory action research REGIONAL LEVEL City + Territory interactions Social construction of Knowledge and consensus building

15. Liliana Miranda Sara, Foro Ciudades para la Vida - Ecociudad 14 CITY WATER (risk) GOVERNANCE Territory and City Concertation Water Board Civil Society NGOs and private organizations Universities and Experts Civil Society Civil Society Organizations + Regional and Municipal Platform Ministry + Water Board IDENTIFYING KEY ACTOR´S RESILIENCE CAPACITIES

16. “Social construction” building up of knowledge capitalizing on what actors already know and have learned. Knowledge tends to remain where (and with whom) it has been generated The participatory action research process build up consensus and it becomes a capacity building strategy itself Concertation as a political tool for getting concrete agreements into action SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE

17. Thanks! Cities for Life Fora, Executive Director: Mg. Arch. Liliana Miranda Sara Vargas Machuca 408, San Antonio, Miraflores, Lima Perú Teléf./fax + 51 (1) 2411488, 2425140 Email: lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe Web page: www.ciudad.org.pewww.ciudad.org.pe