1. IRELAND AND BRITAIN IMPERIALIZATION CORE ~ NIC SPIRO

3. If an enemy of Britain allied with Ireland… Then they could send troops to Ireland… And eventually attack Britain from a short distance… Or easily regroup back In Ireland Return

4. MOTIVES Political Ireland located very close to Britain Could be threat in the future Economic All of the resources without wasting time or money Religious England mostly Protestant; Ireland mostly Catholic Home If Ireland were to ally with an enemy of Britain, England would have a severe disadvantage because Ireland is so close to England.

5. METHODS Home King Henry IIKing Henry III King Henry IV Received overlordship of Ireland from Pope Adrian IV. Began spreading British control through Ireland. Took over the Irish government. Continued expanding. Tried to change the mostly Catholic Irish to Protestants.

6. BLACK AND TANS Assembled by British to “aid” the Irish guard Made up of British who were previously soldiers Shortage of uniforms led to half of the soldiers wearing black police uniforms, the other half with tan army uniforms Showed little restraint and shot people often No consequences for killing citizens True goal was to annoy and anger the Irish rebels Home

7. VIDEO Michael Collins Movie Segment Watch from 1:41 to 5:11 (link should set video to correct starting time) Recreation of the end of Easter Rising Revolutionaries were forced out of their controlled buildings by the British army Leaders executed Ended in failure, but started the revolution Return

8. VIDEO Michael Collins Movie Segment Watch from 1:41 to 5:11 (link should set video to correct starting time) Recreation of the end of Easter Rising Revolutionaries were forced out of their controlled buildings by the British army Leaders executed Ended in failure, but started the revolution Return

9. PRIMARY RESOURCE Daniel O’Connell: Justice for Ireland Most Irish were Catholic Irish not forced to become Protestants However Catholics were not treated equally Catholics could not be representatives in Parliament Daniel O’Connell was Irish revolutionary Convinced the Parliament to accept Catholic reps Catholics still treated unequal Feelings of inequality led up to the Irish Revolution Return

10. The Irish population dropped by a little under 2 million people during the potato famine. Meanwhile, Britain did nothing to help, and continued to receive supplies from Ireland as it’s people starved to death. Return

11. POTATO FAMINE: BEGINNINGS OF A REVOLUTION Potatoes are the staple food of Irish meals From 1845 to 1847 Potatoes infected with blight, a disease that affects plants British still received shipments of good potatoes Led to the Irish questioning British rule Didn’t think British cared about them Home

12. FIGHTING FOR INDEPENDENCE Used Guerilla Tactics 1916 Easter Rising In Dublin Irish took control of buildings; declared a republic First major act of revolution Created the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in January 1919 IRA declared illegal and war ensues Ended in truce July 1921 Home Remnants of the building captured by the Irish Revolutionaries during Easter Rising.

13. GAINING INDEPENDENCE British suggested a compromise Britain keeps control of northern Ireland Everywhere else is set free Only 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland freed Majority of Ireland accepted Gained independence on Dec 6 th, 1921 Home This portion of Ireland is still under British control.

14. Return

15. CURRENT DAY Economic Modern, but trade dependent Service based jobs are important Government Capital is Dublin Social Situations Mostly Catholic Official language is English Population of 4,775,982 Home