Step Up To: Psychology John J. Schulte, Psy.D. & Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5e Worth Publishers.

Step Up To: Psychology John J. Schulte, Psy.D. & Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5e Worth Publishers (2010) From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5e Worth Publishers (2010)

Chapter 12: Stress Health and Coping What is Stress? The Mind-Body Connection Individual Factors and Stress Response Coping: How People Deal with Stress Application

100 200 300 400 500 What is Stress?

100 200 300 400 500 The Mind-Body Connection

100 200 300 400 500 Individual Factors and Stress Response

100 200 300 400 500 Coping: How People Deal with Stress

100 200 300 400 500 Applications

1. Our perception of a particular stimulus as ‘stressful’ depends on: A) whether the stimulus is new or familiar to us B) how life-threatening the stimulus is C) our cognitive appraisal of the stimulus and our coping resources D) whether or not others are involved A) whether the stimulus is new or familiar to us B) how life-threatening the stimulus is C) our cognitive appraisal of the stimulus and our coping resources D) whether or not others are involved

2. Everyday minor events that annoy and upset people are called: A) stressors B) daily hassles C) life changes D) normal setbacks A) stressors B) daily hassles C) life changes D) normal setbacks

3. According to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale by Holmes and Rahe, the most stressful life change reported by subjects is: A) being fired from a job B) the death of a spouse C) the death of a parent D) getting a divorce A) being fired from a job B) the death of a spouse C) the death of a parent D) getting a divorce

4.When an individual or family moves from one location to another and struggles to learn and adapt to new norms and expectations, they are experiencing __________ stress. A) acculturative B) immigrant C) accommodative D) assimilative A) acculturative B) immigrant C) accommodative D) assimilative

5.Which of the following would not be a topic of specific interest to a health psychologist? A) How to effectively treat schizophrenia B) Why some people don’t follow medical advice C) How people respond to being ill D) How to promote health- enhancing behaviors A) How to effectively treat schizophrenia B) Why some people don’t follow medical advice C) How people respond to being ill D) How to promote health- enhancing behaviors

6. The scientific study that examines the interconnections between psychological processes, the nervous system, and the immune system is called: A) health psychology B) biopsychology C) psychoneuroimmunology D) stress psychology A) health psychology B) biopsychology C) psychoneuroimmunology D) stress psychology

7. The most important elements of the human immune system are __________, which are white blood cells that fight bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders. A) granulocytes B) lymphocytes C) histamines D) killer t-cells A) granulocytes B) lymphocytes C) histamines D) killer t-cells

8. Corticosteroids are important stress hormones, but they have some negative properties that cause: A) premature aging B) cardiovascular disease C) weakening of the immune system D) all of the above A) premature aging B) cardiovascular disease C) weakening of the immune system D) all of the above

9. During the fight-or-flight response, the adrenal medulla secretes the hormones called__________, which include adrenaline and noradrenaline. A) catecholamines B) acetylcholine and GABA C) dopamine and serotonin D) testosterone and progesterone A) catecholamines B) acetylcholine and GABA C) dopamine and serotonin D) testosterone and progesterone

10. During the _________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the body mobilizes its stress-fighting resources in response to intense arousal. A) resistance B) exhaustion C) alarm D) breakdown A) resistance B) exhaustion C) alarm D) breakdown

11. Social relationships have what effect on stress? A) They are stress-reducing B) They have no effect on stress C) They increase stress D) They are helpful in reducing stress but can also be a source of stress A) They are stress-reducing B) They have no effect on stress C) They increase stress D) They are helpful in reducing stress but can also be a source of stress

12. Among individuals in western cultures, stress may be reduced by: A) being “talked out of it” B) increasing a realistic sense of personal control C) using medication D) an increased sense of will- power A) being “talked out of it” B) increasing a realistic sense of personal control C) using medication D) an increased sense of will- power

13. When explaining a recent failure, Maurice used internal, stable, and global explanations. Seligman describes this as a __________style. A) pessimistic explanatory B) optimistic explanatory C) dichotomous explanatory D) robust explanatory A) pessimistic explanatory B) optimistic explanatory C) dichotomous explanatory D) robust explanatory

14. The critical component of a Type A personality that best predicts the onset of cardiac disease is: A) pessimism B) intense competitiveness C) a sense of time urgency D) hostility A) pessimism B) intense competitiveness C) a sense of time urgency D) hostility

15.Supportive behaviors perceived as helpful to those under stress include all of the following except: A) making sure the person knows that you have been through the same stressful situation in the past B) showing concern and interest C) expressing understanding about why the person is upset D) helping the person with housework A) making sure the person knows that you have been through the same stressful situation in the past B) showing concern and interest C) expressing understanding about why the person is upset D) helping the person with housework

16.Steve copes with stress by getting drunk. He is demonstrating the maladaptive strategy known as: A) denial B) escape-avoidance C) distancing D) positive reappraisal A) denial B) escape-avoidance C) distancing D) positive reappraisal

17.In response to stress, women are more likely to: A) tend and befriend B) give up and cry C) fight or flee D) engage Freudian defense mechanisms A) tend and befriend B) give up and cry C) fight or flee D) engage Freudian defense mechanisms

18.After the hurricane hit, those in the affected communities helped each other clear the wreckage. This behavior demonstrates: A) optimistic style B) tending and befriending C) emotion-focused coping D) problem-focused coping A) optimistic style B) tending and befriending C) emotion-focused coping D) problem-focused coping

19.“Sure it hurt to get fired, but I learned something from it. I am really a better person for it.” This statement is an example of: A) denial B) seeking social support C) positive reappraisal D) escape-avoidance A) denial B) seeking social support C) positive reappraisal D) escape-avoidance

20.There are cultural differences in how we respond to a stressor. For example, in collectivist cultures, the emphasis is placed on: A) controlling your reaction to the stressful event B) problem-focused coping C) controlling the situation D) using rational denial to psychologically change the event A) controlling your reaction to the stressful event B) problem-focused coping C) controlling the situation D) using rational denial to psychologically change the event

21.The authors of your textbook suggest all of the following as ways of minimizing the negative effects of stress except: A) getting enough sleep B) exercising regularly C) avoiding alcohol D) practicing relaxation A) getting enough sleep B) exercising regularly C) avoiding alcohol D) practicing relaxation

22.Which of the following is most likely to be affected by the lack of sleep that often accompanies stressful situations? A) concentration B) reaction time C) memory D) All of the above can be impaired by inadequate sleep A) concentration B) reaction time C) memory D) All of the above can be impaired by inadequate sleep

23.The relaxation technique called ________ involves focusing mental attention, heightening awareness, and quieting internal chatter. A) self-hypnosis B) progressive muscle relaxation C) meditation D) guided imagery A) self-hypnosis B) progressive muscle relaxation C) meditation D) guided imagery

24. James smokes cigarettes “to relax,” he says. Knowing what you know from the chapter, you tell him: A) the use of stimulants like nicotine and caffeine can actually increase the effects of stress B) the only way cigarettes help is if he uses a “light” brand of cigarette C) research shows that more nicotine can be ingested through chewing tobacco if he insists on using it at all D) all of the above A) the use of stimulants like nicotine and caffeine can actually increase the effects of stress B) the only way cigarettes help is if he uses a “light” brand of cigarette C) research shows that more nicotine can be ingested through chewing tobacco if he insists on using it at all D) all of the above

25. According to research, the health benefits of being married are: A) more pronounced for women then for men B) more pronounced for men then for women C) equally as important for men and women D) more pronounced for older adults than for younger adults A) more pronounced for women then for men B) more pronounced for men then for women C) equally as important for men and women D) more pronounced for older adults than for younger adults

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