1. The Byzantine Empire
500 CE CE

2. SPLITS
INTO
&
Western
Rome
EASTERN
ROME 2

3. Western
Rome
EASTERN
ROME
Byzantine
Empire
Middle Ages 3

4. CONSTANTINOPLE
ROME

5. 1. Constantinople
Emperor Constantine the Great renamed Byzantium (a Greek city) Constantinople (the capital).

6. B. Its Strategic location on the
Bosporus strait made it a
center of trade
- Greek, Roman, and Christian culture spread.

7. Bosporus Strait
Black Sea
Mediterranean Sea

8. The city was protected by a deep moat, and three walls that were 25 feet thick in addition to a 14-mile stone wall was built along the city’s coastline to keep out invaders.

10. 2. Emperor Justinian a. reigned from 527- 565 CE
Autocracy- total rule by one leader
Autocrat- a leader with ABSOLUTE POWER
(over gov’t and church)

11. b. There was a Golden Age during his reign.
c. He wanted to revive the grandeur of Rome

12. d. The Justinian Code Collection of laws
It preserved Roman laws that became the basis for medieval and modern legal systems too.

13. Justinian’s Code of Laws
DON’T WRITE!
Justinian’s Code of Laws
Laws were fairer to women. They could own property and raise their own children after their husbands died.
Children allowed to choose their own marriage partners.
Slavery was legal and slaves must obey their masters.
Punishments were detailed and fit the crime
His work inspired the modern concept and, indeed, the very spelling of "justice". 13

14. Byzantine Under Justinian
DON’T WRITE!
Byzantine Under Justinian
Justinian hired Belisarius, a talented general, to reconquer the Roman territories lost by Germanic invasions 14

15. -The strong wife of Justinian
e. THEODORA
-The strong wife of Justinian

16. DON’T WRITE THIS!
“If flight were the only means of safety, still I would not flee. Those who have worn the crown should never survive its loss…Emperor, if you wish to flee, well and good, you have the money, the ships are ready, the sea is clear. But I shall stay. I accept the ancient saying: Royal purple is the best burial sheet.”
What did Theodora mean by this quote?

17. - She saved the empire during the Nika Revolt
Justinian was going to flee, but Theodora refused
Justinian stayed and crushed rioters
30,000 dead in Hippodrome
DON’T WRITE THIS!

18. The Byzantine Empire Under Justinian
3. Economy
The Byzantine Empire Under Justinian

19. Byzantines produced: gold, silk, grain, olives and wine.
A. Byzantines prospered and were the “New Rome.”
B. Traded with China and India on the Silk Road.
Byzantines produced: gold, silk, grain, olives and wine.
DON’T WRITE!

20. The Silk Road

21. Constantinople: Europe’s busiest marketplace!
Silk from China
Wheat and papyrus from Egypt
Spices and gems from India
Slaves from Western Europe
Furs from Northern Europe
Tin from England
Wine from France
Cork from Spain
Ivory and gold from Africa
DON’T
WRITE!

22. 4. Art & Architecture
A. The HAGIA SOPHIA (“holy wisdom”) is a church.

23. HAGIA SOPHIA (“holy wisdom”)

24. Church of Hagia Sophia (“Holy Wisdom”)

25. INSIDE THE HAGIA SOPHIA

26. B. Mosaics- pictures or designs formed by stones, tile or glass (often showed biblical scenes)

30. C. Icons- are holy images of Jesus, the Virgin Mary and saints

31. Mosaics can be icons and vice versa

32. D. The Hippodrome could hold 60,000 spectators to watch horse races!

33. Where the Hippodrome used to be
Where the Hippodrome used to be. The pillars are still where the pillars used to be in the middle of the race track.

34. 5. Religion
A. A Schism (permanent split) took place in 1054 between the Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church

35. WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE KINDS OF CHRISTIANITY?
Roman Catholic
Eastern Orthodox
Where?
Leader
Clergy members
Language
Most important day
Western Europe Eastern Europe Byzantine Empire
Pope Patriarch
Vow of chastity Allowed to marry
Latin Greek
Christmas Easter

37. DON’T WRITE!
THINK!
How does this picture represent that there became two branches of Christianity after the Roman Empire fell?

38. 6. DECLINE
A. There were political struggles and constant attacks by invaders
B. In 1453, Constantinople fell to the Muslim Ottoman Turks; it was renamed Istanbul
The Hagia Sophia (Church of the Holy Wisdom was turned into Muslim Mosque)

39. DON’T WRITE!
In 1453, Ottoman Turks surrounded Constantinople; it took them two months to conquer the city.

40. 7. LEGACY
Byzantines blended Hellenistic culture with Roman law and engineering
Classical Greek and Roman ideas were preserved

41. C. Eastern Orthodoxy-Greek & Russian
D. Influenced Eastern Europe (Russian)

42. E. THE CYRILLIC ALPHABET
DON’T WRITE!
Created by monks of the Byzantine Empire
Spread with Eastern Orthodox religion throughout Greece, Russia, Eastern Europe

44. F. Russian leaders were known as czars
(like caesar)
The Byzantine tradition of autocratic rule continued in Russia. .
DON’T WRITE!

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