1. Spanish 2 Preliminary Unit Discuss likes and dislikes Describe people and places Exchange greetings The new school year Talk about school life Ask for/give information

2. Discuss likes and dislikes Gustarto like Activities  Bailarto dance  Cantarto sing  Comerto eat  Escribirto write  Escuchar musicato listen to music  Pantinarto skate

3. Describe people and places  Estar to be  Ser to be  Tener to have

4. Appearance and Personality Alegre happy Alto(a)tall Bajo(a) short Castaño(a)brown Comicofunny Cortoshort Delgadothin Guapo(a) good- looking Largo(a)long Moreno(a) dark hair/skin Nervioso(a) nervous Rubio(a) blond Serio (a) serious Tranquilo(a) calm Triste sad

5. Exchange Greetings Buenas tardesGood afternoon ¿Como estas? How are you? ¿Como te llamas? What is your name? El gusto es mio. The pleasure is mine Encantado(a) Delighted Les presento a… I’d like to introduce you to… Me llamoMy name is…. Se llamaHis/Her name is…

6. The new school year (stem-changing verbs) Almorzar (o-ue)to eat lunch Cerrar (e –ie)to close Contar (o –ue)to count, to (re) tell Costar (o-ue)to cost Dormir (o-ue)to sleep Encontrar (o-ue)to find, to meet Entender (e – ie)to understand Pensar (e-ie)to think Perder (e – ie)to lose

7. Poder (o – ue)to be able, can Preferir (e – ie)to prefer Querer (e – ie)to want Volver (o – ue)to return, to come back

8. Talk about school life Caminarto walk Contestarto answer Correrto run Descansarto rest Estudiarto study Hablarto talk, to speak Irto go Tomarto take, to eat or to drink Vivirto live

9. Ask for/Give information Adónde(to) where Cómohow Cuál(es)which (ones), what Cuándowhen Cuántohow much Cuántos(as)how many ¿Cuantos años tiene..? How old is..? Dóndewhere Por quéwhy Quéwhat Quién(es)who

10. Supplementary Vocabulary La actuacion performance El boletoticket Deportivo(a)athletic El descuentodiscount Los éxitoshits, successes Por adelantadoin advance La vestimentaattire

11. Cooperative/small group work Ayudensehelp each other Concentrenseconcentrate Hablen en voz bajaspeak softly Trabajen en equipoWork together TurneseTake turns

12. Pairs or small groups (student to student) Es tu turno It’s your turn Intenta de nuevo Try again No, estas equivocado(a) No you are wrong ¿Qué tenemos que hacer? What are we suppose to do Si, tienes razon Yes, you are right

13. Permission (student to teacher) ¿Puedo hablar en ingles? May I speak in english? ¿Puedo ir al baño? May I go to the bathroom? ¿Puedo ir a tomar agua?May I get a drink of water? ¿Puedo sacarle punta al lapiz? May I sharpen my pencil.

14. Confusion (student to teacher or other students) EStoy confundido (a) I’m confused No comprendoI don’t understand No séI dont’t know

15. Spanish 2 Preliminary Unit Grammar

16. Use Adjectives to describe Remember that adjectives describe nouns. They match the gender and number of the nouns they describe. In Spanish, adjectives usually follow the noun. Masculine Adjectives often end in – o. El chico guapo. The good-looking boy. Feminine Adjectives often end in – a. La chica guapa. The good-looking girl.

17. Most adjectives that end with –e or a consonant refer to both genders. El chico paciente La chica paciente same word To make an adjective plural, add – s if it ends with a vowel, - es if it ends with a consonant. Los chicos guapos Los chicos trabajadores When an adjective describes a group containing both genders, the masculine form of the adjective is used.

18. The verb tener When you want to talk about what you have, use the verb tener. Tener – to have tengo I have tenemos we have tienes you have tiene he/she has tienen they have La chica tiene pelo rubio. The girl has blonde hair Tener is also used to talk about how old a person is. El chico tiene quince años. The boy is fifteen years old

19. Describe people and things: ser vs. estar Remember that even though ser and estar both correspond to the English verb to be, their uses are very different. Ser is used to tell who is the subject is or what the subject is like to describe origin, profession, and basic characteristics. Ella es alta. Es de Nueva York. She is tall. She is from New York. Soy somos Eres Es son

20. Estar is used to tell where the subject is or how the subject feels to describe location and feelings that may change El chico está bien. Está en Nueva York. The boy is OK. He is in New York. Estoy estamos Estás Está están

21. Tell Time To talk about what time it is, use: ¿Qué hora es? What time is it? Use y + minutes for the number of minutes after the hour: Son las doce. (12:00) Son las doce y diez. (12:10) Son las doce y media. (12:30)

22.  Use menos + minutes for the number of minutes before the hour. Es la una. (1:00) Es la una menos cuarto. (12:45)  To talk about when something will happen, use: ¿A que hora es la clase? What time is the class? A las (dos, tres). At (two o’clock, three o’clock) A la una. At one o’clock Use cuarto for a quarter of an hour And media for half an hour.

23. Regular Present Tense Verbs To talk about things you do, you use the present tense. To form the present tense of a regular verb, drop the –ar, -er, or –ir and add the appropriate ending. Regular Verbs –Ar -er -ir Hablarcomer vivir Hablocomo vivo Hablascomes vives Hablacome vive Hablamos comemos vivimos Hablancomen viven

24. The Verb Ir Remember that when you talk about where someone is going, you use the verb ir, to go. Susana y Luis van a la biblioteca. Susana and Luis go to the library. Voy vamos Vas Va van Remember that forms of ir are usually Followed by the preposition a.

25. Stem-changing Verbs As you know, Spanish has many stem- changing verbs. Review the one that follow. Pensar – to think e – ie Almorzar – to eat lunch o – ue Piensopensamos Piensas Piensapiensan The stem doesn’t change for the nosotros form. Almuerzoalmorzamos Almuerzas Almuerza almuerzan For a complete list of stem Changing verbs, refer to pp. R30 –R31.

26. Irregular yo verbs Remember that some verbs are only irregular in the first person singular (yo) form. Compare the yo and tú forms of these verbs. These take the endings –go. caer hacer poner salir traer to fall to do to put to go out to bring caigo hago pongo salgo traigo caes haces pones sales traes

27. Other verbs that are irregular in the yo form only are conocer, dar, saber, and ver. conocer dar saber ver to know to give to know to see conozco doy sé veo conoces das sabes ves