1. Unit 4: Imperialism
What will we learn today? The rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism.
The locations of colonial rule of such nations as England, France, etc.
Imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized.
Pretend you are an imperialist who is setting out to conquer new land. Pick a place on the map to conquer and explain why.

2. what should your group own?
OIL
Natural resources, diamonds
Natural resources, coal, iron, minerals
Strategic location, good agriculture
Natural resources, stones, spices, and consumers
Strategic location to cut through Americas
Natural resources, timber and rubber

3. Reflection
How did your group and other groups act when you were marking your territories?
Do you think this was a fair way to claim land?
If unclaimed land remains, who should get it?

4. 11.1 The Scramble for Africa

5. Big Idea
Ignoring the claims of African ethnic groups, kingdoms, and city-states, Europeans established colonies. African nations continue to feel the effects of the colonial presence more than 100 years later.

6. Objectives Describe Africa before European domination.
Summarize the motives of European colonizers and the factors that allowed them to control Africa.
Identify the three groups that clashed in South Africa.

7. Essential Question
How did the Industrial Revolution lead to European colonization? What were the effects of colonization on Africa?

8. Imperialism
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.

9. Industrialization to Imperialism
The Industrial Revolution pushed Europe to find more. resources to fuel their industries
They competed for new markets and goods  Africa became the target.
Colonial Powers seized vast areas of Africa during the 19th and 20 centuries.

10. What continent was a target for European imperialism?
Check for Understanding
What continent was a target for European imperialism?

11. Africa Before European Dominance
The African People:
Ethnic groups – hundreds
Languages – there were more than a thousand
Religion – mainly traditional, also Islamic or Christian
Politically – large empires to small tribes

13. Africa is a CONTINENT not a country…
In case you forgot!

14. Europeans actually controlled very little African territory at the beginning of the 19th century.

15. Check for Understanding
Is having thousands of languages going to help Africa defend itself or hurt it?

16. What is Africa: country or continent?
Check for Understanding
What is Africa: country or continent?

17. Why was most of the European territory on the coast?
Check for Understanding
Why was most of the European territory on the coast?

18. Europeans saw Africa as an unoccupied land waiting to be taken.
Myth of the “Dark Continent”

19. The African Congo
Europeans were unable to penetrate the interior of Africa because of disease and travel difficulties.
Dr. David Livingstone and Henry Stanley
Stanley – an American journalist found Livingstone and then charted the Congo
King Leopold II of Belgium began to claim parts of the Congo through treaties made by Stanley. This began the land scramble.

20. Check for Understanding
Was King Leopold II’s interest in Africa good or bad for native Africans?

21. King Leopold II of Belgium
“I don't want to miss the chance of getting us a slice of this magnificent African cake.”
Africa

22. Congo

23. Soldiers in the Belgian Congo

24. Congo Rain Forest

25. Downtown Kinshasa

26. Do you agree with this statement:
Successful people have earned their success through hard work.

27. Do you agree with this statement:
I don’t feel bad that we killed all the Indians. Survival of the fittest, baby. .

28. SOCIAL DARWINISM
Social theory (based on Charles Darwin’s scientific theories) that said that those who were fittest for survival enjoyed wealth and success and were considered superior to others.

29. Line up around the room according to your shirt color
Blue shirts
Green shirts
Yellow shirts
Red shirts
Orange shirts
Brown shirts
Black shirts
White shirts
Smartest and most evolved!
White Man's
Burden
Social Darwinism
Dumb and need the blue shirts help to educate and civilize you

30. Driving Forces of Imperialism
European nations needed natural resources and markets for their goods to improve their economies.
Belief in European Superiority:
National pride
Competition
Racism
Social Darwinism

31. What were the driving forces of imperialism?
Check for Understanding
What were the driving forces of imperialism?

32. RACIST ATTITUDES
Cecil Rhodes stated “I contend that we are the finest race in the world, and the more we inhabit the better it is for the human race.”
De Beers Diamonds

36. Does it bother you, or will you still buy diamonds?
Check for Understanding
Does it bother you, or will you still buy diamonds?

38. The Europeans believed that an empire was proof of a nation’s greatness.
Each nation was determined to take as much territory as possible.

39. Check for Understanding
In order to be a strong nation, you needed to have a large?

40. What is the author trying to say?

41. White Man’s Burden
This idea that is the White Man’s duty to civilize the world’s “savages.” This was a justification for taking over foreign lands.

42. Check for Understanding
Tell me the White Man’s Burden in your own words…

43. Check for Understanding
Do you think that native populations should be forced to attend school, establish government, end brutal ceremonies, etc?

44. Reality

46. White Man’s Burden Do you think that these country’s needed “help?”
Do you think in the long run imperialism will help these countries?
What is the persons perspective who made the video?

47. European Advantages Machine gun – superior weaponry
Steam engine: boats and trains – made travel easier
Variety of language and culture – did not encourage unity amongst Africans
Rivalry amongst ethnic groups – kept Africans from uniting against the Europeans
Maxim gun

48. Check for Understanding
Which of the four advantages do you think was most important?

49. The Division of Africa
The discovery of diamonds and gold caused countries to join in the land scramble
Berlin Conference ( )- 14 European countries met to divide up African lands.
A country could land claim by notifying other countries and controlling the area
No African ruler was invited to attend

50. Check for Understanding
What was decided at the Berlin Conference?

51. Check for Understanding
How many representatives from Africa were at the Berlin Conference?

52. The Zulus

53. Shaka Zulu
A Zulu Family

55. South Africa

56. West Coast National Park

57. Cape Town, South Africa

58. Cape Town, South Africa

59. Cape Town, South Africa

60. Cape Town, South Africa

61. Cape Town, South Africa

62. Zulu Tribe

63. Zulu Tribe

64. Zulu Dance

66. The Clash Over Africa
Three groups mainly fought over Africa: Africans, Dutch and British
Europeans saw the lands as empty
Local Wars in South Africa
(Zulus v. British)
Shaka Zulu controlled a large centralized state. When he died the British invaded the Zulu nation and was defeated by their superior weaponry.

67. Check for Understanding
What was the name of the African tribe that was most troublesome for the British to defeat?

68. Local Wars in South Africa Continued
Boer Wars (Boers v. British)
Boers are Dutch farmers, also known as Afrikaners who settled in South Africa
Diamonds and gold were discovered in S. Africa a rush of people came to get rich
A rebellion broke out – the Boers blamed the British
This was the first “total” war
Ultimately the British won the war

69. Check for Understanding
How many representatives from Africa were at the Berlin Conference?

70. Check for Understanding
Who won the Boer War?

71. How did Industrialization lead to Imperialism?
Summary
How did Industrialization lead to Imperialism?

72. Social Darwinism Political Cartoon
Draw a political cartoon representing the concept of Social Darwinism and White Man’s Burden

73. European Imperialism in Africa
Assignment:
European Imperialism in Africa

74. Name______________________Date___________ Per___

75. Who had the biggest piece of the “cake”?

76. Quiz next class on geography. Study your map!
Reminder
Quiz next class on geography. Study your map!