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Wrist/Hand Anatomy Carpals-8 Metacarpals-5 Phalanges - 5 Scaphoid
Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate Pisiform Triquetral Lunate Metacarpals-5 Phalanges - 5 1-5 1=Thumb 5=Pinky
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Wrist/Hand Anatomy (2) Radiocarpal joints (beween wrist and hand)
Metacarpal joints Metacarpalphalangeal Joints Phalangeal joints-PIP and DIP Normal resting position Proximal, Middle, Distal phalanx Blood Supply -______________________ Nerve supply Radial Medial Ulnar
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Colles Fracture ______________________________________ HOPS:
extreme pain __________________________________ numbness along the median nerve distribution, extreme pain Treatment: splint, refer
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fracture.jpg
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Carpal tunnel syndrome (1)
Carpal tunnel is located in the anterior of the wrist. ____________________, their synovial sheaths and the median nerve lie in the tunnel _____________________________________________________________
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Carpal Tunnel (2) Overuse condition caused by repeated wrist flexion, ulnar deviation HOPS numbness, tingling, median nerve area muscle atrophy (in advanced cases) decreased RROM in thumb movement + Phalen’s test, pn w/ compression of carpal tunnel + Tinel Sign Tx: rest, wrist splint, anti-inflammatory medication, if severe, surgery
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Scaphoid Fracture (1) ________________________________
Lies beneath the “anatomical snuff box” Does not have a good blood supply – often does not heal – “non-union”
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Scaphoid Fracture (2) HOPS
fall on the outstretched hand some swelling pain in anatomic snuff box Tx: refer to physician, immobilization x 6 weeks, protection against impact for 3 months
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Mallet finger “Baseball”, “basketball” finger
__________________________________________________________________ HOPS: MOI: blow to tip of finger, pain over the DIP joint bent DIP joint (about 30 degrees) inability to extend the DIP joint TX: refer, splint in extension 6 – 8 weeks
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Mallet Finger www.eatonhand.com
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Boutonneire Deformity
____________________________________________________________ HOPS: forced flexion of the interphalangeal joint swelling, flexion deformity of PIP joint point tenderness over middle phalanx (dorsal side) ____________________________ Tx: refer, splint in extension
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Boutonneire Deformity
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Jersey Finger _________________________________________________________________ ________________________________ HOPS: MOI: rapid ext. of the finger while actively flexed Swelling point tenderness over DIP joint ____________________________ Tx: Refer to physician
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Jersey Finger
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Gamekeeper’s thumb Sprain of ulnar collateral ligament in thumb
MOI: ________________________________ ___________________ HOPS: Swelling over palmar aspect Instabilty in the joint Laxity in thumb flexion Tx: refer to physician, tape, rest, surgery
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Boxer’s Fracture Fracture to the 4th and/or 5th metacarpal(s).
MOI - caused by punching something harder than the hand, such as a wall or another person's head. The end of the metacarpal bone takes the brunt of the impact, which usually breaks through the narrowest area near the end (the "neck"), and bends down toward the palm.
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Boxer’s Fracture – (2) HOPS- _________________________ ____________________________ Swelling/Discoloration in area Deformity Pain Pt tender at location of fracture ___________________________________ Treatment- Splint, refer for x-rays, possible surgery
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ROM/Strength Testing Wrist Flexion-Palmaris Longus
Wrist Extension-Extensor Digitorum Wrist Radial Deviation-Flexor/Extensor Carpi Radialis Wrist Ulna Deviation-Flexor/Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Finger Flexion/Extension-Flexor Digitorum/ Extensor Digitorum Finger Abduction/Adduction Opposition
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Test Valgus Stress Test - Ulna Collateral Ligament - +sign laxity
Varus Stress Test - Radial Collateral Ligament - +sign laxity Phalen’s- Median Nerve - +sign numbness/tingling Tinel’s – Ulna and Median Nerve - +sign numbness/tingling Fracture Testing- Compression, Distraction, Flick
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