1. TRANSPORT RESEARCH CENTER – ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Thredbo 9 Lisbon, Portugal 5-9 September 2005 Performance of the High Speed Rail in Spain in the context of the new regulation framework. Evidence from the Madrid-Seville Corridor Pedro J. Pérez-Martínez Elena López-Suárez

2. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID PEIT (Strategic Plan on Transport and Infrastructure) THE NEW RAIL SECTOR ACT HSR Madrid – Seville KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS & ECONOMIC RESULTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPERATIVES FUTURE AIMS CONCLUSIONS SUMMARY

3. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Figure 1: PEIT’s planned HSR Network in Spain (2020 horizon) Passengers Pass. & Freight PEIT (Strategic Plan on Transport and Infrastructure) Ambitious extension of the HSR infrastructure network in Spain from its 900 to near 10.000 kilometres in 2020

4. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Figure 2: New Spanish Rail Model, actors and definition of functions THE NEW RAIL SECTOR ACT The new Act splits administrative activities from infrastructure The new Act regulates the authority and functions of the various actors

5. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Figure 3: Historical passenger data from the Madrid-Seville corridor (millions pkm) by transport mode (modal shares in parentheses) Source: Road data, Ministry for Development, Statistical bulletin Nº 40.2 -25/02/2005; Air data, AENA Traffic statistics 2002 (Seville-Madrid/Barajas); Rail data, RENFE Annual Report 2004a. AVE HSR Madrid - Seville Competitive journey times, high frequency, convenience and punctuality emerge as the strengths of HSR

6. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Table 1: HSR Madrid-Seville key performance indicators Source: (RENFE,2004a); pkm: passenger-kilometres, skm: seat-kilometres, tkm: train-kilometres, €:Euros at constant prices (1999) KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS The demand has increased due to the high frequency, punctuality and quality commitment Coupled with the demand, the supply indicators; utilization indexes had not varied

7. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Figure 4: Impact of HSR traffic demand on average income and cost ECONOMIC RESULTS Eq. Point (1996) cost-effective The corridor is economically efficient and its investment is justified Since 1996 onwards the line is economically cost-effective

8. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Table 2: Energy and emission rates of the Madrid-Seville corridor break up by transport mode Source: RENFE Sustainability report (RENFE,2004b) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPERATIVES: external costs savings Air and road emission rates are 29 and 5 times higher than rail External cost savings of HSR: 30,68 €/1000 pkm, 2027 10 6 pkm (2003), 62 10 6 €

9. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID Figure 5: Competence between High Speed Rail new lines and Air services FUTURE AIMS

10. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID CONCLUSIONS The HSR Madrid-Seville constitutes a successful example of a policy initiative resulting in a modal shift from air to rail mode HSR presents better environmental results than the alternative transport modes. On top of the external costs savings, emission and energy rates showed explicit benefits of using HSR HSR had 91% of the market share with respect to the airplane and 48% with respect all modes. Main factors of success: competitive travel time and high frequencies, punctuality, competitive fares and convenience. The experience learned from this line provides valuable information for the current regulatory and infrastructure planning national context The existence of adequate intrinsic characteristics HSR, such as high quality services, will justify future developments of new lines in a context of a more sustainable transport and mobility system

11. CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEL TRANSPORTE - ETSI CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ¡ Thanks ! Pedro José Pérez-Martínez Transport Research Center – TRANSyT, UPM E-mail: pjperez@caminos.upm.es Homepage: http://www.transyt.upm.eshttp://www.transyt.upm.es