3. Valentine’s Day has always been the day dedicated to lovers. There are many stories as to how Valentine’s day started. Here is one of them.

4. Valentine’s Day has its origins in the Roman festival of Lupercalia, observed on Feb. 15. Lupercalia celebrated the coming of Spring in the Roman calendar (February was observed later in the year than it is today).

5. Lupercalia was associated with the Roman gods Lupercus and Faunus. Lupercus watched over shepherds and their flocks and the festival of Lupercalia became a celebration intended to ensure the fertility of flocks, fields and people. Lupercalia was associated with the Roman gods Lupercus and Faunus. Lupercus watched over shepherds and their flocks and the festival of Lupercalia became a celebration intended to ensure the fertility of flocks, fields and people.

6. The celebration of Lupercalia transformed and spread as the Roman Empire grew. When the Romans conquered France, it was then that the first Valentine-like cards may have been exchanged. The celebration of Lupercalia transformed and spread as the Roman Empire grew. When the Romans conquered France, it was then that the first Valentine-like cards may have been exchanged.

7. Apparently, a container in which women had placed their names (possibly accompanied by love notes) was used in a lottery. Men drawing a women’s name would either seek or were guaranteed that woman’s favors. Apparently, a container in which women had placed their names (possibly accompanied by love notes) was used in a lottery. Men drawing a women’s name would either seek or were guaranteed that woman’s favors.

8. 1. Hundreds of years ago in England, many children dressed up as adults on Valentine's Day. They went singing from home to home. One verse they sang was: 1. Hundreds of years ago in England, many children dressed up as adults on Valentine's Day. They went singing from home to home. One verse they sang was:

9. Good morning to you, valentine; Curl your locks as I do mine – Two before and thee behind. Good morning to you, valentine.

10. 2. In Wales wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant, "You unlock my heart!" 2. In Wales wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant, "You unlock my heart!"

11. 3. In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. To wear you heart on your sleeve now means that in is easy for other people to know how you are feeling.

12. 4. In some countries, a young woman may receive a gift of clothing from a young man. If she keeps the gift, it means she will marry him. 4. In some countries, a young woman may receive a gift of clothing from a young man. If she keeps the gift, it means she will marry him.

13. 5. Some people used to believe that if a woman saw a robin flying overhead on Valentine’s Day, it meant she would marry a sailor. If she saw a sparrow, she would marry a poor man and be very happy. If she saw a goldfinch she would marry a millionaire.

14. 1. My bonnie is over the ocean, My bonnie is over the sea, My bonnie is over the ocean, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me.

15. 2. Oh, blow ye winds over the ocean, Oh, blow ye winds over the sea, Oh, blow ye winds over the ocean, And bring back my bonnie to me. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me.

16. 3. Last night when I lay on the pillow, Last night when I lay on the bed, Last night when I lay on the pillow, I dreamed that my bonnie was dead. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me.

17. 4. The winds have blown over the ocean, The winds have blown over the sea, The winds have blown over the ocean, And bring back my bonnie to me. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me. Refrain: Bring back, bring back, Oh, bring back my bonnie to me, to me.

23. 1. Lupercalia is : A. The Roman festival The Roman festival The Roman festival B. The Roman god The Roman god The Roman god C. The town in Britain. The town in Britain. The town in Britain.

24. 2. When did the first Valentine – like cards appear? A. The USA The USA The USA B. When the Romans conquered France When the Romans conquered France When the Romans conquered France C. Britain Britain

25. 3. On Valentine’s Day many children: A.Sing songs Sing songsSing songs B.Play tricks Play tricksPlay tricks C.Ask money Ask moneyAsk money

26. 4. In Wales on the 14 th of February A. Valentine – like cards Valentine – like cards Valentine – like cards B. Big cups Big cups Big cups C. Wooden love spoons Wooden love spoons Wooden love spoons were given as gifts.

27. 5. What did young men and women draw the names from a bowl for? A. To know their valentines To know their valentines To know their valentines B. To know how you are feeling To know how you are feeling To know how you are feeling C. To know the origin of your name. To know the origin of your name. To know the origin of your name.

28. Choose the right answer: 6. If a woman saw 1. A robin 2. A sparrow 3. A goldfinch. she would a) Marry a millionaire b) Marry a poor c) Marry a sailor A. 1-a 2-b 3-c B. 1-b 2-c 3-a C. 1-c 2-b 3a