1. BY JOANNE HOWARD

3. France Great BritainAmerican merchant You boys can keep on killing each other. If either of y’all need anything, just give us Yankees a holler! I hate you, French dude! Je vous hais plus!

5. France Great Britain Causes of the War of 1812War of 1812 In 1803, Britain and France went to war again. Both countries seized U.S. ships sailing towards the ports of their enemy.

6. Britain continued its’ impressment of U.S. sailors. impressment Between 1808 and 1811 over 6,000 Americans were impressed by the British.

7. 2. Chesapeake-Leopard “Affair” QJune 21, 1807. QBr. Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake. Q3 dead, 18 wounded. QBr. Foreign Office said it was a mistake. QJefferson’s Response: § Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports. § Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen.

8. One cause of the War of 1812 was the British disregard of American shipping rights. British ships frequently stopped American ships, confiscated their cargo, and impressed (captured) crew members, claiming they were deserters from Britain’s Royal Navy.

9. American merchant Mr. President, the British and French keep seizing American merchant ships. Something must be done! I know what to do! If we don’t allow American ships to trade with anyone, then they won’t get attacked! True, but that’s not what I had in mind!

10. Trade with all nations was allowed except Britain or France. Embargo Act Embargo Act (1807) The Embargo Act banned U.S. ships from trading with any country. This hurt the U.S. economy! Non-Intercourse ActNon-Intercourse Act (1809) All imports and exports were banned!

11. The Embargo Act of 1813 is personified by a huge terrapin, who seizes a smuggler by the pants. The cartoon was aimed at the people of New England, who, allegedly, were supplying the British with provisions.

12. Presidential Election of 1808

13. James Madison Becomes President

14. Dolly Madison: The President’s Greatest Asset

15. 4. The Non-Intercourse Act (1809) QReplaced the Embargo Act. QRemained U. S. policy until 1812. QUnexpected Consequences: § N. Eng. was forced to become self- sufficient again [old factories reopened]. § Laid the groundwork for US industrial power. § Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America, ironically contributed to Hamilton’s view of the US!!!

16. 5. Br. Instigation of Indians British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

17. Chief Tecumseh of the Shawnee tribe The Prophet and Tecumseh Tecumseh unified many tribes behind the message of the Prophet, who was his older brother.

18. The Prophet and Tecumseh Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet” Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet”, believed that in order to survive, Native Americans had to give up white ways of life.

19. TecumsehTecumseh “We gave them forest-clad mountains and valleys full of game and in return what did they give our warriors and our women? Rum, trinkets (jewelry) and death” Tecumseh reflected bitterly on the white man’s treatment of his people.

20. “ Sell a country! Why not sell the air, the clouds and the great sea, as well as the earth? Did not the Great Spirit make them for the use of his children?”Tecumseh “ Sell a country! Why not sell the air, the clouds and the great sea, as well as the earth? Did not the Great Spirit make them for the use of his children?”Tecumseh Tecumseh vs Harrison

21. In 1808, the Prophet built a village for his followers in Tippecanoe, Indiana.

22. William Henry Harrison, Territorial Governor of Indiana Showdown at Tippecanoe In 1811, fearful of the growing strength of the Prophet and Tecumseh, Governor William Henry Harrison led 1,000 troops against them in the Battle of Tippecanoe.

23. QGeneral William Henry Harrison was governor of the Indiana Territory. QInvited Native Indian chiefs to Ft. Wayne, IN to sign away 3 mil. acres of land to the US government. QTecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes to fight for their homelands. QTecumseh’s brother fought against Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe. QThis made Harrison a national hero! [1840 election Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!] Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811

24. The battle was viewed by Americans as a major victory, even though it was unclear which side actually won.

25. The Battle of Thames River, Oct. 5, 1813 US military victory led by General William H. HarrisonUS military victory led by General William H. Harrison –Tecumseh was killed during this battle

26. “One of those uncommon geniuses who spring up occasionally to produce revolutions and overturn the established order of things. If it were not for the vicinity of the U.S., he would perhaps be the founder of an Empire that would rival in glory that of Mexico.” “One of those uncommon geniuses who spring up occasionally to produce revolutions and overturn the established order of things. If it were not for the vicinity of the U.S., he would perhaps be the founder of an Empire that would rival in glory that of Mexico.” Tecumseh vs Harrison William Henry Harrison

27. “War Hawks” Henry Clay [KY] John C. Calhoun [SC]

28. War Hawks 34 year old Henry Clay, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives and War Hawk leader.Henry ClaySpeaker of the U.S. House of Representatives War Hawks – members of Congress, led by Henry Clay of Kentucky, that wanted to declare war on Great Britain

29. I. Nationalism – pride or devotion to one’s country Many Americans felt that Great Britain still treated the United States like a British colony. II. Revenge War Hawk’s wanted revenge on Britain for seizing American ships. War Hawk’s Rationale for War

30. III. Territorial Expansion Henry Clay wanted an excuse to conquer Canada from Great Britain and Florida from Spain. IV. Native American Attacks War Hawks felt that Great Britain was arming Native Americans on the frontier and encouraging them to attack Americans.

31. Presidential Election of 1812

32. “Mr. Madison’s War!”

33. “Mr. Madison’s War” Why Britain, not France?Why Britain, not France? –Impressment: destroying US economy –British forts –Arming of Indians (Tecumseh) –Desire for Canada –No respect from British Was convinced by the War Hawks that this was a needed war.Was convinced by the War Hawks that this was a needed war.

34. American Problems QThe US was unprepared militarily: § Had a 20-ship navy vs. Britain’s 1,000 ships. § Americans disliked a draft  preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias. QFinancially unprepared: § Flood of paper $. § Revenue from import tariffs declined. QRegional disagreements.

35. Radical NE Federalists met to discuss their grievances & find solutions to their problems : U.S. Govt. fighting an unnecessary war against the wrong enemy Sought financial assistance from Washington since their trade was at a standstill because British had placed a blockade around the Atlantic coastline of US New Englanders continued to trade with the British during the war Talked of secession or a separate peace proposal with England

36. Overview of the War of 1812

37. 3 U. S. Invasions of 1812

38. Campaigns of 1813

39. Washington, D.C. burned by British, 25th of August 1814 Dolly Madison escaped from White House and took many pieces of art, furniture from the White House before the British destroyed it.

40. Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814 Oh Say Can You See By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- Francis Scott Key

41. U.S. Flag which flew over Fort McHenry to inspire Francis Scott Key to write the Star Spangled Banner. September 13 th, 1814

42. Gave proof through the night, That our flag was still there..

43. Naval Battles The Battle of Lake Erie was probably the most important naval battle of the warThe Battle of Lake Erie was probably the most important naval battle of the war –After defeating the British, Captain Oliver Hazard Perry declared, “We have met the enemy and they are ours” Thomas Macdonough defeated a British fleet on Lake Champlain which resulted in a British retreatThomas Macdonough defeated a British fleet on Lake Champlain which resulted in a British retreat US Naval tradition develops during the War of 1812US Naval tradition develops during the War of 1812

44. Hartford Convention December, 1814 – January, 1815

45. Radical NE Federalists met to discuss their grievances & find solutions to their problems : U.S. Govt. fighting an unnecessary war against the wrong enemy Sought financial assistance from Washington since their trade was at a standstill because British had placed a blockade around the Atlantic coastline of US New Englanders continued to trade with the British during the war Talked of secession or a separate peace proposal with England

46. Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814

47. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

48. 10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase.10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase. 4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war.4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war. 10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase.10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase. 4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war.4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war. New orleans

49. Considered greatest U.S. victory to that time Defeated British’s best without help from any country Countries gained respect for the U.S. after this battle. Kept Louisiana Purchase under the control of the U.S. Considered greatest U.S. victory to that time Defeated British’s best without help from any country Countries gained respect for the U.S. after this battle. Kept Louisiana Purchase under the control of the U.S. New orleans

50. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

51. Jackson’s Florida Campaigns

52. The War’s Legacy U.S. gained the respect of other nationsU.S. gained the respect of other nations U.S. came to accept Canada as a neighbor and a part of the British EmpireU.S. came to accept Canada as a neighbor and a part of the British Empire The Federalist party came to an end as a national forceThe Federalist party came to an end as a national force Talk of nullification and secession in New England set a precedent that would later be used by the SouthTalk of nullification and secession in New England set a precedent that would later be used by the South Gained our neutrality and became isolated from EuropeGained our neutrality and became isolated from Europe

53. The War’s Legacy Native Americans in the West were forced to surrender large areas of land and move west.Native Americans in the West were forced to surrender large areas of land and move west. More U.S. factories were builtMore U.S. factories were built War heroes such as Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison would eventually become Presidents.War heroes such as Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison would eventually become Presidents. Growth of American nationalismGrowth of American nationalism Enter a time period in our history called the “Era of Good Feelings”Enter a time period in our history called the “Era of Good Feelings”