1. Foss Farm/Foss Biolab By Knut Vasdal Farmer at Foss farm (knut@vasdal.no) Presentation at Bioseminar, Telemark University College, 21. December 2011

2. Foss farm  60 milking cows  Organic farming since 1990

3. food Meat and milk Metan Manure Fertilizer Metan N2O

4. Organic farming No chemical/syntetical fertilizer No pesticides

5. Organic farming systems Crop rotation Ruminant animals Biological nitrification Soil structure

6. Cow manure slurry 2011 Foss farm

7. Cow manure slurry -Great NH3- emission after spreading at fields -Difficult to utilize in high populated area -Demage soil structure -Conserve weed seeds and patogen spores -Impossible to spread exactly +Cost efficent way to spread on fields

8. Process line Foss biolab

9. Foss biolab Started 2007 2010- indoors 2011 pilot process line for cow manure Scientific works Test lab for full scale full scale biogas plants Education

10. Solid/fibrous fraction Vermicomposting Improve soil structure Remove stinky smell Increase microbial activity Decrease weed seeds germination Remove patogen organism Stabilize carbon fraction

11. Organic matter in the soil- soil fertility Water houshold Microbial activity Nutrition exchange capasity Aggregat building/soil structure Heat absorption Soil erosion resistance Carbon immobilization

12. Biogas-Foss farm Bioenergy central Hot water for 32 houses need 384 000kWh 86 000kWh energy from biogas Wood chips for rest energy demand Start up 2012-2013 Foss Housing Area Ca: 20 housing Housing rea Ca: 12 boenheter Bio heatcentral Biogas plant Foss farm JPE/2011

13. Liquid nitrified fertilizer No N- emission No N2O-emission No smell Spreading indors or outdoors even on sunny days No residues on leaves No patogens No weeds Easy to spread exactly Also as leaf fertilizer Available directly as plant nutrition

14. Chemical changes during AD and DNR process for nitrogen

15. Physical changes during AD and DNR process for sCOD

16. ph dependency on NH3/NH4+

17. Physical changes during AD and DNR process for pH

18. Physical changes during AD and DNR process for alcalinity

19. Gas productivity on different batch