1. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide The European Ecolabel Lubricants a driver for innovation and aquatic environmental quality Ckees van Oijen Fleur van Broekhuizen & Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV III International Water Forum „International Cooperation in Water Management“ Minsk, 3 October 2008

2. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide General outline of the presentation European Ecolabel Ambitious voluntary scheme established in 1993 Presently 26 non-food product groups and services Lubricants criteria (in 2005; revision in 2009) Defining “biolubricants” for loss & high-risk lubrication To limit impact on (aquatic) environment To reduce CO2 emissions To meet technical performance requirements European Ecolabel marketing activities Supporting R&D activities Policy incentives Raising awareness & Knowledge transfer

3. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Life cycle approach to lubricants Lubricants based on renewable vs. mineral resources:  Reduced global warming potential (CO 2 reduction)  Potential impact of additive package on energy use  Note: Distinction between loss and other lubricants! Specific environmental aspects of vegetable oil based lubricants:  Water pollution associated with fertilizers and pesticides use  Emissions associated with production of fertilizers  Land use and impacts of different crops

4. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Considerations for selection of Europen Ecolabel lubricants Success national labels (+ Vamil & DIN ISO 15380) Loss and high risk applications Fit for use criteria Market potential Nordic countries FranceGermany Austria (Market share) Hydraulic oils (± 40%) Chainsaw oils (± 20%) Concrete release agents ( ± 5%) Two-stroke oils Greases Other (total) loss lubricants Biolubricants selected

5. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide EU Ecolabel Lubricants criteria since 2005 Ready for Use Products (at time of application) Ingredients > 0.1% w/w of the product Reflecting the EU regulatory framework of chemicals (DPD, DSD) 1. R-phrases for the formulated product 2. Aquatic toxicity of product and/or individual ingredients 3. Biodegradability and Bioaccumulation of the ingredients 4. OSPAR & Community list of priority substances, metals and organic halogens 5. Content of renewable raw materials 6. Technical performance ! OECD 201 OECD 202OECD 203

6. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Criterion 1: No R-phrases The product should not carry any risk phrases indicating environmental or human health hazards R20 – R28Harmful – Toxic R33 – R43Cumulative, Irritative, Carcinogenic and sensitising effects, Burns R45 – R46Carcinogenic, mutagenic R48 – R53Carcinogenic upon inhalation, Aquatoxic R59 – R68Environmental harmful, reprotoxic, neurotoxic

7. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Criterion 2.1: Aquatic toxicity for fully formulated products & main substances hydraulic fluids greaseschain saw oils, release agents and niche loss lubricants two-stroke oil Fully formulated product (OECD 201, 202 and 203) > 100 mg / l> 1000 mg / l Each individual main component (OECD 201 and 202) * > 100 mg / l * main component = each substance above 5% (typically, the base oil and the thickener in greases) OECD 201OECD 202OECD 203

8. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Criterion 2.2: Aquatic toxicity for each individual substance in the lubricant Aquatic toxicity OECD 201 and 202 Maximum (total) mass % of substances* present in hydraulic fluids greaseschain saw oils, release agents and niche loss lubricants two- stroke oil  100 mg/l but > 10 mg/l (E) 20255  10 mg/l but > 1mg/l (F) 510,51 <1 mg/l (G) 10,1 *All ingredients

9. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Criterion 3: Biodegradation & Bioaccumulation Maximum (total) mass % of substances present in hydraulic fluids greaseschain saw oils, release agents and niche loss lubricants two-stroke oil Non-biodegradable AND bioaccumulative! (X) <0,1 Non-biodegradable AND non-bioaccumulative ! (C) 55  10 55 Inherently aerobic biodegradable (B) 55  20 55 Readily aerobic biodegradable (A)  90  75  90  75

10. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Criterion 4: No priority substances No substance of the OSPAR List and EU list of priority substances in the field of water policy No organic halogen compound or nitrite compounds No metals or metallic compound except: Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, lithium, aluminum

11. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Criterion 5: Renewability hydraulic fluids greaseschain saw oils, release agents and niche loss lubricants two- stroke oil Carbon content from renewable raw materials % (w/w)  50%  45%  70%  50% Criterion 6: Technical requirements hydraulic fluids greaseschain saw oils release agents and niche loss lubricants two-stroke oils Technical requirements ISO 15380Fit for use Blue Angel Fit for use(1) NMMA TC- W3 (2) EGD level ISO13738:2000

12. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Renewability Aquatic Toxicity Biodegradation Bioaccumulation Content of dangerous comp.CO2-balance Life Cycle Analysis US-Farm Bill Blue Angel EU-Ecolabel Comparison of leading biolubricant schemes NF Env. Mark Nordic Swan Inspired by Ciba EEL Criteria revision planned for 2009 Extend coverage to 100%

13. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide EU Ecolabel Lubricants awards (August 2008) ManufacturerProductAward dateCB Binol BioSafe OyBioSafe HO 15/32/46/68 XE BioSafe HO 15/32/46/68 SE 06 2005 Ext. 11 2006 FI NOVANCEDiesterLub Hydro 46; CSL 100/150; 2T Plus05 2006FR Panolin AGPanolin Turwada S 220 LL Panolin HLP Synth E 15/22/32/46/68 Panolin Turwada Synth E 46 07 2007 Ext. 09 2007 > 06 2008 DE KAJO-Chemie GmbHKajo Sägekettenhaftöl BIO 2050 / 2000 Kajo Hydrauliköl HEES 32/46; 46-S Kajo Longlife Grease ECO 027-4 Kajo bio wheel-flange-grease 3010 03 2007 / 02 2008 Ext.07 2007/ >04 2008 > 04 2008 > 06 2008 DE Cognis GmbHProEco HE 501-22/32/46/68 ProEco HE 801-22/32/46 01 2008DE Esso DE. GmbHMobil EAL Hydraulic Oil 4601 2008DE MotulSägekettenöl TIMBER BIO Motul RUBRIC BIO 46 Motul Bio Grease 2 02 2008 > 04 2008 > 06 2008 DE TotalChainbio 16003 2008FR Carl Bechem GmbHBechem Hydrostar HEES 46 EM> 04 2008DE

14. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide EU Ecolabel Lubricants awards Products Manufacturers 2005: 81 2006: 31 2007:82 2008:20 (until 08/08) 5 Total:39 (until 08/08) 9 CB form FI, FR, DE Manufacturers from FI, FR, DE, CH –29 Hydraulic oils –6 Chain saw oils –3 Greases –1 Two stroke oil (in different viscosities)

15. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Drivers and barriers for biolubricants use Barriers Market supply Awareness & recognisability Availability, stock and promotion “niche” market characteristics Performance Experiences immature products Compatibility of system components Performance requirements by OEM Costs and policy incentives Costs biolubricants (oil & additives) Limited financial incentives Drivers Marketing, R&D and pilots of “niche” suppliers and users Cooperation between producers of lubricants and equipment Expert knowledge centres Governmental initiatives Price measures Environmental Management Systems Stricter enforcement and regulation Green purchasing and procurement

16. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Policy incentives driving biolubricants sales growth European Union; PT, FR, IT, BE, DE, AT, CH, NL Restrictions & obligations in: –Sensitive / protected areas –Equipment for loss applications –Selected activities / sectors Price measures: –Compensation –Tax advantages R&D support to companies Information campaigns / centers Green public procurement & purchasing policies Sustainable purchasing policies Example of the Netherlands Aim for 2010 is to apply: Sustainability criteria for procurement and purchasing of goods and services Central Government: 100% Provincies en waterboards 50% Municipalities 75% (100% by 2015) Including environmental & social criteria and stimulate innovation in the market Ca. 80 product groups defined o.a. traffic, transport, waterworks

17. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide RWS knowledge centre on environmentally friendly lubricants News on policies & market Biolubrication requirements & example contract Technical & environmental advantages Tips for transition & points of attention (pitfalls) Available European Ecolabel & other biolubricants Good & bad practice examples Interesting links & literature Knowledge centers & contact persons Help desk & FAQ

18. Ckees van Oijen, Fleur van Broekhuizen, Hildo Krop IVAM UvA BV; EMP Lubricants EU-wide Concluding remarks European Ecolabel Lubricants are developed for: loss systems and sensitive environmental compartments The European Ecolabel Lubricants creates market opportunities Ensuring a lasting market introduction & creating a critical mass requires an integrated approach by: –increasing demand & supply –involving and stimulating all stakeholders Thank you for your attention! coijen@ivam.uva.nlcoijen@ivam.uva.nl / www.eco-label.euwww.eco-label.eu