1. FPNANS H1N1 Information Session October 17, 2009

2. Current Situation: WHO Level 6

3. H1N1 Pandemic

4. Signs and Symptoms H1N1 (Human Swine Influenza) is defined as: “fever and/or cough with one or more of sore throat, sore muscles, sore joints or extreme fatigue. Although other symptoms, including diarrhea may be present (especially in children), those noted above remain the most common and prominent”

5. H1N1 Transmission: Direct: droplet spread – coughing or sneezing Indirect: contaminated surfaces Virus can survive for: ~ 5 min on hands Up to 12 hrs on cloth/paper/tissue Up to 2 days on hard surfaces

6. H1N1 Seasonal Influenza : 10-25% population 4,000 deaths 20,000 hospitalizations

8. Epidemic curve of laboratory-confirmed cases of H1N1 by date of symptom onset, Nova Scotia, July 17, 2009 12h00 ADT (n=376)

9. H1N1:Wide Spectrum of Disease NS: 1 NS: 570 (lab confirmed) NS: 18 (8 ICU) NS: Number unknown Data as of August 2009

10. Laboratory-confirmed cases of H1N1 by DHA, Nova Scotia, July 17, 2009 12h00 ADT (n=376)

11. Lab Confirmed H1N1 in NS Widespread in the community Younger age groups most affected Reported case numbers decreasing Surveillance efforts shifted to monitoring severity Rates as of August 10, 2009

12. Predictions for 09/10 Many unknowns –Second wave timing –Virulence/Severity –Attack rate 30% of Nova Scotians may be ill over a several month period May or may not have seasonal influenza as well

13. Objectives of Health System Planning and Response Prevent infection/reduce spread: –hand hygiene and cough etiquette –self-isolation and self-care –immunization –return to work Care for the ill – Tool Kits and Advice Keep the health system going - HHR

14. Immunization Planning Advice around vaccine use and “sequencing” has just been released Planning for distribution is proceeding

16. Key Workplace Strategies Source control –Screening –Maintaining spatial distance –Limit sharing of equipment Basic IP&C steps –Hand Hygiene key –Respiratory etiquette –Clean workstations –Use your sick time if you are unwell! –Education!

17. Sick at Work? Go home and self isolate Use basic infection prevention and control practices while you are waiting to leave the workplace Clean/ disinfect work station as per usual routine Confidentiality should be maintained

18. Sick at Home? Minimize contact, and encourage self-isolation Encourage hand hygiene & respiratory etiquette Avoid sharing of toiletries and other items Disinfect commonly used surfaces (door knobs, taps, etc.) by cleaning with a household cleaner or a mixture that is 1 part bleach and 10 parts water. Ensure to eat a healthy diet & fluids (what your mother told you!) Avoid smoking particularly around ill individuals Treat the symptoms i.e. fever, cough

19. When to seek medical attention…? –Fever subsides, but then returns as illness worsens –Chest pain –Wheezing, shortness of breath –Decrease in level of consciousness, unusually quiet –Bloody phlegm –Hallucinations –New onset diarrhea, vomiting or abdominal pain

20. Return to Work / School “Remain home until feeling well and able to resume normal day-to- day activity”

21. Pregnancy Not more at risk for acquisition If in 2 nd or 3 rd trimester with flu-like symptoms, seek medical attention Should not provide care to someone with influenza like illness (in the home setting) Basic IP&C practices and vaccination

22. Pandemic Model of Care

23. Does patient meet clinical definition ILI? Usually: sudden onset fever and cough. Common: fatigue, muscle aches, sore throat, headache, decreased appetite, runny nose. Sometimes: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. CLINICAL ALGORITHM for PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS DURING PANDEMIC H1N1 (2009) Presence of pH1N1 Is the pandemic H1N1 (2009) virus known to be circulating in the community? YESNO YESNO Usual Care

24. Risk Factors Does the patient have any risk factors for complications from pandemic H1N1? 1. < 5 years of age 2. pregnancy (especially 2 nd and 3 rd trimester) 3. chronic conditions: - heart disease - asthma and chronic lung disease - hepatic disease - renal disease - blood disorders (e.g. sickle cell anemia) - diabetes and other metabolic disorders - neurologic and neuron-developmental disorders - severe obesity - immuno-compromised Other Considerations Remote and Isolated or Aboriginal populations (First Nations, Inuit and Metis) YES NOSee Below

25. Severity Indicators Does the patient display any severity indicators? shortness of breath, wheezing, tachypnea chest pain cyanosis/grey skin color bloody or coloured sputum sudden dizziness confusion/disorientation severe or persistent vomiting high fever > 3 days low blood pressure Additional Symptoms in Children: - anorexia and not drinking - somnolence and lack of interaction - irritability and lethargy Plan: If ILI + no risk factors Recuperate at home until 24 hours after symptoms subside. If ILI + risk factors Consider antiviral medications If ILI + any severity indicators consider need for hospitalization or close follow-up. Clinical discretion is always advised.

26. Health Communications Resources: Schools/Universities Summer camps Child care Practitioners tool kits Health Link 811 Go to: www.gov.ns.ca/hpp

28. Centre for Infection Prevention And Control 3rd Floor Joseph Howe Building Halifax, Nova Scotia (902) 424-0416 Director Erin Anderson Infection Control ConsultantsPatsy Rawding Suzanne Rhodenizer-Rose

29. Questions ? Senior Physician Advisor Ken Buchholz NS Department of Healthken.buchholz@gov.ns.caken.buchholz@gov.ns.ca 424-0449