1. 1910.269: Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution
Region IV - OSHA

2. Scope
This standard covers the operation and maintenance of electric power generation, control, transformation transmission, an distribution lines and equipment.

3. Construction VS Maintenance
The erection of new electric lines and equipment.
The alteration, conversion, and improvement of existing lines and equipment.

4. 1910.269(a)(2): Training All employees: Safety practices of 1910.269
Emergency procedures
Other necessary safety practices

5. Training in Emergency Procedures

6. 1910.269(a)(2): Training Qualified employees:
Ability to distinguish live parts
Ability to determine voltage
Knowledge of minimum approach distances
Ability to use protective equipment
Qualified employees are trained and competent in safety procedures.

7. (a)(2): Training
Regular supervision and annual inspection to determine compliance
Follow-up training and retraining:
New work procedures
Tasks performed infrequently
Certification
Annual Inspections to determine if employees are complying with rules.

8. 1910.269(b)(1): CPR & First Aid Training
Performing work on or associated with:
Exposed lines, or
Equipment energized at 50 volts or more

9. 1910.269(b)(1): CPR & First Aid Training
Field work - crews of two or more employees:
Two trained persons, or
All new hires trained within 3 months
Fixed work locations:
Trained person available within 4 minutes, or
All employees are trained

10. 1910.269(b)(2): First Aid Supplies
First aid supplies in a weatherproof container on a service truck.
Refer to (b) & Appendix A.

11. 1910.269(c): Job Briefing Subjects:
Hazards and personal protective equipment
Work procedures and special precautions
Energy source control
Ensure tailgate meeting with all employees covering job functions and identify job hazards. Should cover ways and means to protect from identified hazards. Check for tools and equipment inspections to be used on the job site. Ensure all workers are trained for the task at hand.

12. Job Briefing

13. 1910.269(c): Job Briefing Number of briefings:
Before start of each day or shift
Additional job briefings if significant changes occur
Based on nature and complexity of work
Job planning for one-person crews

14. 1910.269(d): Hazardous Energy Control Procedures
Deenergize and lock or tag
Additional protective measures for tags
Protection equivalent to locks
Additional exceptions:
Central control of energy isolating devices
Protection equivalent to personal locks or tags
System operator controls locks and tags
Identify employee before device removal

15. 1910.269(d)(2)(ii)(B): Use of Tagout System Only
Demonstrate full employee protection
Safety equivalent to lockout

16. Application of Lockout
Tags rather than locks are commonly used in electric utilities

17. 1910.269(d)(2)(ii)(B): Use of Tagout System Only
Examples of demonstration of employee protection:
Removal of a fuse
Removal of an isolating circuit element
Blocking mechanism on switch
Opening of additional switches on main circuit, on control circuit

18. (e): Enclosed Spaces
Entered under normal operating conditions:
Manholes, Vaults
Applies to routine entry in lieu of (d) to (k)
(e) & (t) apply to entry only

19. 1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces 1910.146(c) still applies:
Identify permit spaces
Keep unqualified persons out
Coordinate with contractors
If hazardous conditions develop, use

20. 1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces Enclosed Spaces (Specific) Training:
Entrants, attendants
Rescue equipment provided
Evaluate hazards:
Use of attendants
Test, ventilate, monitor

21. Manhole
Atmospheric Testing prior to Entry

22. Manhole
Vault with Protective Barrier

23. Vault Entry
Rescue training

24. Vault Entry
Rescue Equipment

25. Testing Equipment

26. 1910.269(g): Personal Protective Equipment
Follow Part 1910, Subpart I:
Eye and face
Respiratory
Head, foot
Electrical protective devices

27. Lineman with Protective Gear

28. Supplied Air Respirator

29. Air-Purifying Respirator
Negative-pressure fit check

30. Air-Purifying Respirator
Positive-pressure fit check

31. 1910.269(g)(2): Fall Protection
When required:
Heights greater than 4 feet
Poles, towers, and similar structures

32. Pole Climbing

33. Body Belt

34. Pole Climbing Strap

37. Tower Climbing
Tower Climbing with proper person protective equipment

38. Tower Climbing
Tower Climbing with proper person protective equipment

39. 1910.269(g)(2): Fall Protection
Not required by qualified employee:
Climbing
Changing location
Must be free from unsafe conditions:
Ice, high winds, contamination on structure
Must have hands free for climbing

40. 1910.269(g)(2): Fall Protection
Does not address working on:
Portions of buildings
Electric equipment (transformers, capacitors)
Aerial lifts

41. OSHA requires fall protection when working from an aerial lift device.
A complete aerial assembly is shown in the photo:
A fall restraint belt (belts are no longer acceptable, must use a harness)
A lanyard
An attachment point (boom strap or the lift manufacturer’s ring).

42. OSHA requires fall protection when working from an aerial lift device.
A complete aerial assembly is shown in the photo:
A fall restraint belt (belts are no longer acceptable, must use a harness)
A lanyard
An attachment point (boom strap or the lift manufacturer’s ring).

43. 1910.269(h): Ladders, Platforms, Step Bolts, & Manhole Steps
Part 1910, Subpart D applies
Special ladders and platforms:
Exempt from pitch & footing requirements
Must be secured in position
May not be overloaded

44. Special Ladder
Special ladder secured in position

45. 1910.269(h): Ladders, Platforms, Step Bolts, & Manhole Steps
Special ladders and platforms Cont’d:
Must be designed for use
Must have a safety factor of at least 2.5 times the maximum
Intended load

46. 1910.269(i): Hand and Portable Power Tools
Cord - and plug connected equipment:
Part 1910, Subpart S applies
Grounded, double - insulated, or connected through an isolated transformer with an ungrounded secondary
Portable and vehicle - mounted generators
Hydraulic and pneumatic tools

47. 1910.269(j): Live - Line Tools Design:
100 kv/ft for fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP)
75 kv/ft for wood
Condition of tools:
Daily inspection before use; inspection every two years
Tests after repair and after inspection for hollow FRP and wood tools

48. Live Line Tools
Telescoping hot-stick

49. Live Line Tools

50. 1910.269(k): Materials Handling and Storage
Part 1910, Subpart N applies
Storage in areas restricted to qualified persons:
Materials must be outside working space
See (u)(1) and (v)(3)
Storage in unrestricted areas:
Materials must be 10 ft away
Add 4 inches for every kv over 50 kV

51. 1910.269(l)(1): Qualified employees only
At least two persons for:
Work with exposure at more than 600 V
Work with equivalent hazards
Two persons not required for:
Live - line tool work
Routine switching
Emergency repairs

52. 1910.269(l)(2): Minimum Approach Distances
Minimum approach distances (Tables R-6 through R-10)
Exceptions:
Insulate the employee
Insulate the live part
Employee is insulated from other exposed conductive object,
As during live-line bare-hand work

53. Safety Equipment Inspection

54. Installation of Rubber Blankets

55. 1910.269(l)(6): Apparel Conductive Clothing:
Prohibited unless no increased hazard of electrical contact
Flammable Clothing:
Train employees in hazards
Clothing may not increase extent of possible injury

56. 100% Cotton Shirt
Employee was working from an elevated aerial lift, wearing 100% cotton shirt, when he was exposed to an arc blast. Shirt ignited and continued to burn until the shirt was removed and extinguished by the employees on the ground. Employees was working on equipment energized to ~8000 VAC phase-to-ground.

57. 100% Cotton Shirt
Employee was working from an elevated aerial lift, wearing 100% cotton shirt, when he was exposed to an arc blast. Shirt ignited and continued to burn until the shirt was removed and extinguished by the employees on the ground. Employees was working on equipment energized to ~8000 VAC phase-to-ground.

58. Synthetic Shirt
Employee working from an elevated aerial lift when he made contact with energized cut-off switch. Cut-off switch energized to ~8kVAC phase-to- ground

59. Clothing Issue
What method are you using to protect employees from electric arcs and flames?
Flame Retardant.
Treated.
100% Cotton.
Appropriate weight.
Documentation.

60. Denim Jeans
Employee working on ground grabbed an energized phase while wearing only his leather protector gloves.
Pants stopped burning after energy source was removed.
Exposed to ~8kV phase to ground.

61. 100% Cotton Sock
Employee working on ground grabbed an energized phase while wearing only leather protector gloves.
Sock stopped burning after energy source was removed. Sock was inside employees leather boot
Exposed to ~8kV phase to ground.

62. Flame Resistant Shirt
Employee working from bucket truck made contact with energized cut-off switch. Exposed to ~8kV phase to ground. Employee received no burn damage to areas protected by shirt.

63. This shirt is 100% Flash flame Flash-resistant 5 ½ oz cotton treated with a washable flame resistant treatment.
Questions to ask:
Has the employer provided employees with handling instruction (Cleaning)?
Do the employees know how many times they can wash the shirt, (Shirt life)?
Do the employees know how to clean the shirt?
Do the employees know that the treatment will wear out?
Who cleans the shirts (i.e. Employer or employee)?
How was the shirt selected?

64. 1910.269(m): Deenergizing Lines and Equipment for Employee Protection

65. Employee Protection Applies to transmission and distribution
System operator controls switching - central control
No central control - use employee in charge
Request clearance of system from operator

66. Employee Protection Deenergize line: Open disconnecting means
Tag disconnecting means
Test for deenergized conditions
Install protective grounds

67. Employee Protection Work on line Release clearance: Notify employees
Clear employees
Remove protective grounds
Report to the system operator

68. Employee Protection Reenergize Line: Remove tags
Close disconnecting means

69. 1910.269(n): Grounding for the Protection of Employees
Ground deenergized lines, unless
No possibility of contact with other source hazard of induced voltage is not present
Equipotential zone
Test before applying grounds

70. Grounds

71. Grounds

72. Grounding of Lines

73. Checking Ground Wire

74. Ground Installation Proper order of connection and removal:
Install ground end first
Remove line or equipment end first

75. 1910.269(o): Testing and Test Facilities
Applies to high-power and high-voltage testing rather than routine line work
Establish safe practices
Guard test areas
Grounding to be established and implemented
Safety checks required

76. 1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment
Mechanical considerations:
Inspection
Provisions for backing up
Roll-over protective structures
Outriggers
Load ratings

77. Bucket Truck

78. Digger Derrick Truck

79. Bucket Truck
Bucket truck with outriggers fully extended

80. 1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment
Operations near energized lines (equipment) Maintain minimum approach distance:
Insulated portion of aerial lift is exempt
Designated observer if necessary

81. Warning Label on Bucket Truck

82. Lineman in Bucket

83. 1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment
Additional precautions:
Insulate the lines, or
Insulate the mechanical equipment, or
Protect employees from hazardous differences in potential

84. Insulating Lines

85. Insulating Lines

86. Protecting Employee form Differences in potential

87. Protecting Employee form Differences in potential

88. (q): Overhead Lines
Poles, towers safe for climbing (Test methods for poles in Appendix D)
Installing and removing lines:
Mechanical considerations
Electrical considerations
Live-line bare-hand work; training required
Tower and structure work

89. 1910.269(r): Line - Clearance Tree Trimming Operations
Employees must conduct a tailgate meeting to discuss hazards, nominal, voltage of power lines, qualified person.

90. 1910.269(r)(1): Electrical Not applicable to qualified employees
Always maintain minimum approach distance
Work may not be performed in adverse weather conditions Special training required for work in the aftermath of a storm

91. Tree Limb Lodged Between Two Energized Lines

92. Mechanical Equipment Requirements for:
Brush chippers
Sprayers
Stump cutters
Power saws

93. 1910.269(r)(8): Fall Protection
Each employee shall be tied in with a climbing rope and safety saddle when the employee is working aloft in a tree.

94. 1910.269(s): Communication Facilities
Microwave Transmission:
See
Radiation protection guide
Power Line Carrier

95. 1910.269(t): Underground Electrical Installations
Access (ladder etc.) required for depth >4 ft.
Attendants for manholes:
First aid and CPR training.
Employee on the surface may enter briefly to assist; other than emergency.
No attendant for housekeeping, taking readings, etc.

96. Access ladder for Underground Electrical Installation (Vault)

97. First Aid Training Inside a Vault

98. 1910.269(t): Underground Electrical Installations
Defective cables:
Deenergize, if possible
Use shield to contain fault

99. 1910.269(u): Substations Access and working space: NESC guidelines
Guarding of live parts:
NESC guidelines, or
Subpart S (NEC) requirements
Keep draw-out-type circuit breakers in open position when removing or inserting
Grounding of conductive fences

100. Substation Overview

101. Detailed View of Transformers

102. Insulators & Connectors

103. 1910.269(v): Power Generation Access and working space:
NESC guidelines
Guarding of live parts:
NESC guidelines, or
Subpart S (NEC) requirements
Changing generator brushes:
Check for ground condition

104. (v): Power Generation
Chemical cleaning of boilers - restrict access, post signs
Chlorine systems
Coal and ash handling:
MSHA jurisdiction
Railroad
Conveyors
Storage areas

105. 1910.269(w): Special Conditions
Capacitors
Illumination to enable performing safe work
Protection against drowning (U.S. Coast Guard approved floating devices)
Employee protection in public work areas:
Traffic control
Barricades

106. Traffic Control

107. Warning Sign