1. Ayahs 83 – 91

2. RECAP AND OUTLINE Last 2 weeks, we finished half of Juz 1 Alhamdulillah Now, many commands for the Bani Israel and for us Ayahs 83-88 Roots, Translation, Tafseer Reflections

3. AYAH 83 And [recall] when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel, [enjoining upon them], "Do not worship except Allah ; and to parents do good and to relatives, orphans, and the needy. And speak to people good [words] and establish prayer and give zakah." Then you turned away, except a few of you, and you were refusing.

4. We took the covenant Do not worship except Allah and to parents do good and to relatives and the orphans and the needy And speak to people good and establish prayer and give zakah Then you turned away, except a few of you and you were refusing Rights of Allah Rights of people

5. Meethaaq This is a covenant that lays responsibility; you’re binded This particular covenant joined the Bani Israel with 8 clauses A lot of similarities between these commands and with the ones we, as Muslims are given

6. Definition of Ibadah Aain Baa Daal HumilityServitude

7. Roots Waaw Laam Daal – to give birth; to beget; over here, it refers to mother and father Haa Seen Noon – to beautify something/your actions; its not Adl, which is simply justice. Doing something good in return, when someone else does something bad to you

8. Doing Good Generally More than Other Deserves Good in return of Evil IHSAN

9. Ways to do Ihsan Through Speech ToneWordsExpress Through Actions HelpTimeDu’a Through Wealth NeedsGifts

11. Opposite of Ihsaan Being rude, disrespectful to your parents Person neither does ihsaan nor treats them harshly Being indifferent, not talking at all THIS IS ALSO NOT ALLOWED

12. Relatives Qaaf Raaw Baa By Blood By Marriage By Nursing Those who are closest have the most right

13. Close Relatives Principle: the one who is the closest, has the most right Sharing knowledge with your relatives Visiting relatives; keeping in touch through social media Through wealth; giving gifts “just because” not just for special occasions

14. Orphan Yaa Taa Meem Not Reached Age of Puberty Father Passed Away

15. Taking Care of Orphans Responsibility of the Muslim community to give love to the orphans Dealing with them gently (they might be from war torn countries) Not oppressing the orphan Protecting and taking care of the orphan’s wealth

16. Needy Can’t Fulfill their needs Can’t Support themselves MASAKEEN

17. Beauty - In Style (Gentle, soft, not rude, pitch, sarcasm, joking, whine, whisper) - In Content ( kind words, true, just, in a lang other person doesnt understand, clear, relevant speech, Beautiful Speech StyleContent

18. Rights of Allah and People Establish salaah Give zakaah Reaction of the people: the majority of the people broke this promise and turned away Aain Raaw Daawd: moving aside; turning away; you don’t feel any regret when turning around and leaving

19. If we analyze ourselves in light of this ayah: How many of us take care of all these commands?

20. LESSONS We know our parents have done huge favors for us, but we can never return the favors so just do extra good Parents do everything for their children out of happiness How about parents who were or are abusive?  Exceptional cases; seek help but again can’t be abusive back to parents

21. AYAH 84 And [recall] when We took your covenant, [saying], "Do not shed each other's blood or evict one another from your homes." Then you acknowledged [this] while you were witnessing.

22. Ayah 85 Seen Faa Kaaf – they were forbidden to kill each other (it says “your” blood, because the blood of any other Muslim is like your own blood) Khaaw Raaw Jeem – to expel; deport; you’re not kicking yourself out of your home, but again, deporting another Muslim is like doing the same thing to yourself

23. Covenant Acknowledgement Testimony

24. AYAH 85 Then, you are those [same ones who are] killing one another and evicting a party of your people from their homes, cooperating against them in sin and aggression. And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, although their eviction was forbidden to you. So do you believe in part of the Scripture and disbelieve in part? Then what is the recompense for those who do that among you except disgrace in worldly life; and on the Day of Resurrection they will be sent back to the severest of punishment. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.

25. Roots Dhaaw Haa Raaw – to back up one another; you’re cooperating with the disbelievers to kill the believers Hamza Thaa Meem – the state of not being interested in doing good  disobeying Allah SWT Aain Daal Waaw – enmity and oppression against the people and disobedience to Allah SWT

26. Context The defeated army used to be taken as prisoners, slaves or would be killed When they fought their own people (which they weren’t supposed to be in the first place because the Ummah is one) and then they took prisoners (not supposed to do that either) and then ransomed them Followed 1/3 of the commands  selective interpretation

27. ONE Do not shed each other’s blood TWO Do not evict each other from your homes THREE Do not cooperate in sin & transgression FOUR Give Ransom & Free the Captives

28. Consequences Jeem Zaai Hamza – recompense; what should be the result for this crime except for Humiliation Humiliation in which a person’s faults are exposed Qaaf Waaw Meem – 1. the entire humanity will stand that day; 2. witnesses will stand; 3. justice will stand that day Also a severe punishment on the Day of Standing (Hell-fire)

29. Do I only implement those commands that are a means of some personal benefit? OR Do I obey all of Allah’s commands? Does my heart accept the commands of Allah?

30. Shedding blood is a great crime near Allah. To expel someone from their home is also forbidden To oppress, to exult above another is also disliked.

31. To free the captives is a virtuous deed Denying one part of Deen = Denying Entire Deen; the entire Book must be followed: Being a slave to your desires not Allah All Our Deeds are Watched & Monitored all the Time

32. AYAH 86 Those are the ones who have bought the life of this world [in exchange] for the Hereafter, so the punishment will not be lightened for them, nor will they be aided.

33. Ayah 86 Ishtarawu – preferring one over the other; when you buy a purse or hijaab, you are preferring that thing over your money Buying the life of this world, and paying the Hereafter for it Khaaw Faa Faa – to lighten the burden; tangible and intangible. The punishment will not be reduced in its intensity or harm

34. Ayah 86 Noon Saawd Raaw – no one will be able to help on that Day People in the Hell fire will tell the Angels, tell your Lord to terminate us; the angel will say: “You will remain” This punishment isn’t for the disbelievers; its for those who follow some commands and leave some commands

35. Don’t exchange Akhira for the glory, fame and praise Love of this world doesn’t let us submit to all the commands Disobeying Allah doesn’t get you what you want

36. AYAH 87 And We did certainly give Moses the Torah and followed up after him with messengers. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear proofs and supported him with the Pure Spirit. But is it [not] that every time a messenger came to you, [O Children of Israel], with what your souls did not desire, you were arrogant? And a party [of messengers] you denied and another party you killed.

37. Ayah 87 Qaaf Faa Waw – spine; to go behind someone; to follow someone; coming in succession with no gaps in the middle Sometimes more than one messenger at a time, so the Bani Israel were not just left with a book Isa A.S. – messenger and miracle in one; he was born without a father and last messenger sent to the Bani Israel

38. Ayah 87- Roots Baa Yaa Noon – clear speech; that which is clear in itself; something that is presented by its evidence – 1. Given the Injeel – 2. Given miracles – 3. Strengthened with the help of Jibreel A.S. (Ruh)

39. Ruh Raaw Waw Haa 1. Ruh of Isa A.S., which was pure; inclined to do good only 2. Injeel – the scripture is called Ruh of the deen 3. Angel Jibreel – (strongest opinion) was appointed to help Isa A.S. (Surah Nahr: 182) Jibreel A.S. went everywhere with Isa A.S. because he was facing a lot of opposition; helped him with arguments; lifted him to the heavens

40. Life in Sculpted Birds Cure Blind Cure Leper Life to Dead Inform What You Ate Inform What You Stored

41. Soul of Essa InjeelJibrael

42. Hawa Haa Waaw Yaa – empty desires; any teaching or message that you did not like; you became arrogant; wanted greatness for yourself Every time a messenger came to them they either: 1. called him a liar or 2. killed him You think that your personality and interests are higher than that of the messenger and what he brings

43. Do our desires match the desires of the Prophet SAW and what he brought from Allah SWT?

44. AYAH 88 And they said, "Our hearts are wrapped." But, [in fact], Allah has cursed them for their disbelief, so little is it that they believe.

45. When a person keeps rejecting, he decides that he doesn’t want to accept the truth, then he goes away from the Mercy of Allah. Hearts Wrapped Gaain Laam Faa Have Enough Knowledge Don’t Understand

46. What do we say when someone tells us a command of Allah and we don’t want to listen to it or act upon it?

47. Curse of Allah Far from Mercy of Allah

48. Maa So little is that which the believe… Over here, the “maa” is extra to give the statement emphasis: 1. emphasizing the littleness of their belief 2. very few of them believed 3. believed in only a small portion of the Torah (incomplete belief) 4. indicates time; believed for a short time 5. to imply nothing; they didn’t believe at all

49. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary with clear proofs and We did certainly give Moses the Book and followed up after him with messengers and another party you killed But is it [not] that every time a messenger came to you with what your souls did not desire you were arrogant And a party you denied And they said, "Our hearts are wrapped."

50. The scholars of our time are like the messengers of previous nations; look at Muslim history and see how many scholars Muslims have killed

51. LESSONS Musa and Isa A.S. were messengers The angels have been given different roles and tasks; provide support to the believers Some people don’t believe because it doesn’t suit them; they present invalid excuses

52. REFLECTIONS

53. AYAH 89 And when there came to them a Book from Allah confirming that which was with them - although before they used to pray for victory against those who disbelieved - but [then] when there came to them that which they recognized, they disbelieved in it; so the curse of Allah will be upon the disbelievers.

54. Faa Taa Haa – victory; judgment/decision; to open; it opens up the reality The Bani Israel were in conflict with the Arabs; they would pray to Allah, that send the messenger so we can be victorious, so Allah sent a messenger, but to the Bani Ismael (so he came from the Arabs) Aain Raaw Faa – to recognize something; to know the specifics of something; they recognized the Qu’ran and Prophet SAW

55. The reality of Bani Israel is being opened. They waited for the Messenger, they made du’a for his coming - but when he came, they denied him Why?

56. We make excuses by blaming circumstances, but when we get a chance, we still persist in wrong... What does it show?

57. AYAH 90 How wretched is that for which they sold themselves - that they would disbelieve in what Allah has revealed through [their] outrage that Allah would send down His favor upon whom He wills from among His servants. So they returned having [earned] wrath upon wrath. And for the disbelievers is a humiliating punishment.

58. Ayah 90 Roots Bi’sama: 1. how bad; reproach; negative side of someone is being mentioned 2. how evil is it to sell themselves; they sold their hereafter by disbelieiving Baa Ghaain Yaa – wish/desire; the blind following of a desire, then transgressing bounds; used for rebellion

59. Ayah 90 (cont…) Faa Daawd Laam – extra favor; over here refers to prophet hood; Allah SWT chooses who to give extra fadl to Baa Waw Hamza – to draw something over yourself Consequences of not believing: Bani Israel drew upon them anger upon anger from Allah – Punishment from Allah and the people; ghadb for one wrong action, and ghadb for another wrong action

60. Ayah 90 Haa Waaw Noon – light; does not deserve attention; Muheen – one that brings humiliation upon the other The Bani Israel didn’t believe out of arrogance and thought that they wouldn’t be special anymore; therefore, punishment fits the crime Humiliating punishment – 1. Hell-fire – 2. Returned to the punishment again and again – 3. They will be rebuked

61. A persons arrogance hinders a person from accepting the truth. Jealousy is also a means of preventing a person from the truth. We should see what is being said not who is saying it. Qur’an is Fadl of Allah

62. AYAH 91 And when it is said to them, "Believe in what Allah has revealed," they say, "We believe [only] in what was revealed to us." And they disbelieve in what came after it, while it is the truth confirming that which is with them. Say, "Then why did you kill the prophets of Allah before, if you are [indeed] believers?"

63. Allah refutes them with proof The Real Crime is to go against the truth. To accept the truth is a great quality.

64. REFLECTIONS

65. Lesson #15 Ayahs 92 – 101

66. Ayah 92 And Moses had certainly brought you clear proofs. Then you took the calf [in worship] after that, while you were wrongdoers.

67. Clear Proof s Staff Glowing Hand Parting of Sea Talking to Allah

68. And Moses had certainly brought you clear proofs Then you took the calf [in worship] while you were wrongdoers

69. ShirkZulm

70. Worshipping the calf was done out of injustice, not ignorance Muslims also have many “cows” or other things to which they ask for help Just because you are born a believer, doesn’t mean you don’t have to follow it up with actions

71. Ayah 93 And [recall] when We took your covenant and raised over you the mount, [saying], "Take what We have given you with determination and listen." They said [instead], "We hear and disobey." And their hearts absorbed [the worship of] the calf because of their disbelief. Say, "How wretched is that which your faith enjoins upon you, if you should be believers."

72. Ayah 93 Roots Seen Meem Aain – 1. Idraak: hear the words (perception of sound) and 2. Qubul: to accept and respond Aain Saawd Yaa – 1. to leave that which a person has been commanded and 2. Doing that which is forbidden – We have heard your commands with our ears but we’re going to disobey with our actions

73. We Disobeyed TonguesWordsHeartsActions

74. Ayah 93 - Roots Sheen Raaw Baa – to drink; when you drink something, it becomes a part of you 1. the love of the calf became settled in their hearts 2. indicates the intensity or amount of an emotion 3. they were not going to leave the worship of the calf 4. the love of the calf intoxicated their heart like alcohol

75. Might and Power of Allah The one who sides with a Dhawlim is a dhawlim himself, even if he does not commit the wrong. Listening is the first step towards Amal Every person has a false god - that prevents a person from the obedience of Allah.

76. What is my “COW”?

77. Ayah 94 Say, [O Muhammad], "If the home of the Hereafter with Allah is for you alone and not the [other] people, then wish for death, if you should be truthful.

78. "We are the children of Allāh and His beloved.“ [Al Maida:18] "None will enter Paradise except one who is a Jew or a Christian." [Al Baqarah:111] ً "Never will the Fire touch us, except for a few days.“ [Al Baqarah:80]

79. If you are truthful in your claims, then why are you afraid of Death? & Why don’t you wish to die?

80. Ayah 95 But they will never wish for it, ever, because of what their hands have put forth. And Allah is Knowing of the wrongdoers.

81. They didn’t want to die because of their wrong actions. IngratitudeDisobedienceZulmDenialShirk

82. Why do we fear death? Is it because of our Amal? If it is, then why don’t we change our Amal?

83. Ayah 96 And you will surely find them the most greedy of people for life - [even] more than those who associate others with Allah. One of them wishes that he could be granted life a thousand years, but it would not remove him in the least from the [coming] punishment that he should be granted life. And Allah is Seeing of what they do.

84. Ayah 96 Roots Noon Shaddah indicates definitely Haa Raaw Saawd – strongly desiring something; its difficult to fulfill it; you have to put in some effort Grammar connection: Afa’ala indicates the superlative degree: MOST greedy

85. Ayah 96 Roots Sheen Raaw Kaaf – to associate partners with Allah; giving the share of Allah to others Waw Daal Daal – intense love Aain Meem Raaw – given the age of 1000 years or given a long life Zaa Haa Zaa Haa – to move away;

86. Why do we want to live longer? If we are granted a last wish before we die, what will that be?

87. Even if we get to live a long life, this can not prevent the punishment Every Soul will Taste Death Everyone of us will face Allah on the Day of Judgement Use Dunya to Earn Akhira!

88. YOLO!!! To make the Hereafter

89. REFLECTIONS Homework: Review translation of ayahs 89-96 Implement Reflect Share Next week inshAllah: Ayahs 97-103